Res 055-2014 5/20/2014RESOLUTION NO. 55-2014
Resolution adopting the Water Conservation and Drought
Contingency Plan for the City of Wichita Falls
WHEREAS, state law requires specified water providers to adopt water
conservation and drought contingency plans at Texas Water Code §§ 11.1271 and
11.1272, and the rules of the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ)
require adoption of water conservation and drought contingency plans at 30 TAC §§
288.2 & 288.20;
WHEREAS, water conservation and drought contingency plans must be updated
on a 5-year interval; and
WHEREAS, the City Council finds the attached Water Conservation and
Drought Contingency Plan complies with all state laws and regulations relating
thereto, including, but not limited to Texas Water Code §§ 11.1271 & 11.127 and 30
TAC §§ 288.2 & 288.20.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY
OF WICHITA FALLS, TEXAS, THAT:
The City of Wichita Falls hereby adopts the attached Water Conservation and
Drought Contingency Plan for the City of Wichita Falls. The Director of Public Works
is authorized to modify formatting and pagination prior to submission to the TCEQ.
PASSED AND APPROVED this 20th day of May, 2014.
______________________________
M A Y O R
ATTEST:
____________________
City Clerk
Water Conservation
and
Drought Contingency
Plans
May 2014
WATER
RESOURCES
COMMISSION
Developed to meet Requirements Outlined in
30 TAC § 288.2 and 30 TAC § 288.20
Adopted: May 20, 2014 Effective May 20, 2014
2
WATER CONSERVATION & DROUGHT CONTINGENCY PLAN
CITY OF WICHITA FALLS
April 2014
CITY COUNCIL
CITY OF WICHITA FALLS
Glenn Barham
Mayor
Michael Smith, Councilor
Ben Hoover, Councilor
Annetta Dotson, Councilor
Brian Hooker, Councilor
Tim Ingle, Councilor
Mary Ward, Councilor
WATER RESOURCES COMMISSION
Arnold Oliver
Chairman
John Ferguson
Kerry Maroney
Mark McBurnett
Cheryl Nix
Michael Smith
Tim Ingle
Council Liaison
Darron Leiker
City Manager
Russell Schreiber, P.E.
Director of Public Works
Daniel K. Nix
Public Utilities Operations Manager
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OUTLINE OF CONTENTS
WATER CONSERVATION & DROUGHT CONTINGENCY PLAN
City of Wichita Falls, Texas
April 2014
Page No.
I. Introduction & Objectives 2
II. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Rules
for Conservation Plans 9
III. Utility System Profile 12
A. Water Supply System 12
B. Water Treatment System 15
C. Water Distribution System 16
D. Historical Water Use Patterns and Trends 17
E. Population Trends and Projections 23
F. Projected Water Requirements 26
G. Wastewater System 28
H. Use of Reclaimed Water 30
IV. Water Conservation Plan for Municipal Water Uses 31
A. General Discussion of Conservation Goals 31
B. Public Awareness and Education Program 33
C. Conservation Type Rate Structure 38
D. Universal Metering and Meter Repair
and Replacement Program 39
E. Leak Detection and Maintenance Program 41
F. Plumbing Codes for Water Conservation Devices 41
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G. Retrofit Program to Improve Water Use Efficiency 42
H. Water Recycling and Reuse 42
I. Water Conserving Landscaping 45
J. Other Initiatives for Efficient Water Resource Use 49
K. Permanent Conservation Measures 50
L. Implementation of Plan and Enforcement 51
M. Regional Coordination 53
N. Retail/Wholesale Water Supply Contract Requirements 53
O. Reservoir Systems Operation Plan 54
P. Review and Update of Water Conservation
and Drought Contingency Plans 55
Q. Record Management System 55
V. Water Conservation Plan for Industrial or Mining Water Uses 56
A. Description of Water Use 56
B. Conservation Goals 56
C. Practices and Devices to Measure Diversions 57
D. Leak Detection, Repair and Water Loss Accounting 57
E. Means to Improve Water Use Efficiency 58
VI. Drought Contingency Plan 59
A. General 59
B. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Rules 60
C. Public Involvement, Education and Regional Coordination 62
D. Drought Management Programs 63
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E. System Priorities 91
F. Initiation and Termination of Drought Stages 92
G. Goals for Use Reduction 92
H. Procedures for Granting Variances/Exemptions 92
I. Procedures for Enforcement 93
VII. Summary and Conclusions 95
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APPENDICES: 97
1. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Rules on Water
Conservation Plans for Municipal Uses by Public Water Suppliers
2. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Rules on Water
Conservation Plans for Industrial or Mining Water Suppliers
3. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Form 10218
4. Water Resources Map
5. Wholesale Water Customers
6. Regional Coordination Documents
7. Texas Water Code § 11.039
8. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Form 10213
9. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Rules on Drought
Contingency Plans for Municipal Uses by Public Water Suppliers
10. Restriction Program for Outdoor Water Uses
11. Water Conservation Ordinance
12. Water Rationing Zone Map
13. Half-a-Hundred Ways to Save Water
14. Landscaping Waiver Application & Permit
15. Resolution Adopting the Plan
16. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Form 20427
Application to Use Domestic Reclaimed Water
17. TCEQ Five Year Implementation Plan
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WATER CONSERVATION & DROUGHT CONTIGENCY PLAN
City of Wichita Falls, Texas
April 2014
I. INTRODUCTION & OBJECTIVES
Wichita Falls is a city of approximately 104,000 people located in a semi-arid, somewhat sparse
area. The city is the largest in a radius of about 100 miles, and the closer communities and
towns are economically and culturally tied to Wichita Falls. The major industries of the area are
agriculture, cattle, oil, government, and military facilities. Several small to medium
manufacturing industries are located in the city and its environs.
Water resources are an important element in the quality of life and economic well being of the
city and its citizens. Local bodies of water serve municipal, industrial, agricultural and
recreational purposes. Within the urban areas, water is used extensively for landscape
irrigation. "Green" has not the prevailing state of the region and healthy, green landscapes are
viewed by the majority of citizens as important to the overall quality of life.
Water as a natural resource is not limited for the current population. Most citizens recognize
intuitively that water is a finite resource, but this recognition has not previously translated into
conservation as a natural form of behavior.
In order to conserve the available water supply and protect the integrity of water supply
facilities, with particular regard for domestic water use, sanitation and fire protection, and to
protect and preserve public health, welfare, and safety, and minimize the adverse impacts of
water supply shortage or other emergency water supply conditions, the City of Wichita Falls
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(the “City”) establishes the following Water Conservation and Drought Contingency Plan
(subsequently referred to as the “Plan”). The purpose of this Plan is as follows:
To protect and preserve public health, welfare, and safety
To maintain supplies for domestic water use, sanitation, and fire protection
To minimize the adverse impacts of water supply shortages
To conserve the available water supply in times of drought and emergency
To minimize the adverse impacts of emergency water supply conditions.
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II. TEXAS COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY RULES
For the purpose of these rules, a drought contingency plan is defined as “a strategy or
combination of strategies for reducing the volume of water withdrawn from a water supply
source, for reducing the loss or waste of water, for maintaining or improving the efficiency in the
use of water, for increasing the recycling and reuse of water, and for preventing the pollution of
water.”
The TCEQ rules governing development of Water Conservation Plan for Municipal Water Uses
by Public Water Suppliers are contained in Title 30, Part 1, Chapter 288, Subchapter A, Rule
288.2 of the Texas Administrative Code, which is included in Appendix 1.
Minimum Requirements
TCEQ’s minimum requirements for water conservation plans for municipal water uses are
addressed in the following subsections of this report:
288.2(a)(1)(A) – Utility Profile – Section III
288.2(a)(1)(C) – 5 & 10 Year Conservation Goals – Section III – E
288.2(a)(1)(D) – Water Accounting – Section IV – D
288.2(a)(1)(E) – Universal Metering – Section IV – D
288.2(a)(1)(F) – Water Loss Control – Section IV – E
288.2(a)(1)(G) – Public Education Program – Section IV – B
288.2(a)(1)(H) – Rate Structure – Section IV – C
288.2(A)(1)(I) – Reservoir Operations Plan – Section IV – O
288.2(a)(1)(J) – Implementation & Enforcement – Section IV – L
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288.2(a)(1)(K) – Regional Coordination – Section IV – M
288.2(a)(2)(A) – Leak Detection/Repair Program – Section IV – E
288.2(a)(2)(B) – Records Management System – Sections IV – Q
288.2(a)(2)(C) – Wholesale Water Supply Contract Requirements – Section IV – N
288.2(a)(3) – Additional Conservation Strategies – Sections IV – F, G, H, I, J, K
288.2(b) – TWDB Requirements – Section IV
288.2(c) – Review and Update of Plan – Section IV – P
Title 30 of the Texas Administrative Code, Part 1, Chapter 288, Subchapter A, Rules 288.1 and
288.5, and Subchapter B, Rule 288.22, downloaded from
http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/assets/public/legal/rules/rules/pdflib/288a.pdf, March 2007.
Furthermore, the TCEQ rules governing development of Water Conservation Plans for
Industrial/Mining Water Suppliers are contained in Title 30, Part 1, Chapter 288, Subchapter A,
Rule 288.3 of the Texas Administrative Code, which is included in Appendix 2.
Minimum Requirements
TCEQ’s minimum requirements for water conservation plans for industrial/mining water
suppliers are addressed in the following subsections of this report:
288.3(a)(1) – Description of Use – Section V – A
288.3(a)(3) – 5 & 10 Year Conservation Goals – Section V – B
288.3(a)(4) – Water Accounting – Section V – C
288.20(a)(5) – Leak Detection/Repair – Section V – D
288.20(a)(6) – State of the Art Equipment/Processes – Section V – C, E
11
288.20(a)(7) – Other Practices, Methods or Techniques – Section V – E
288.20(b) – Review and Update of Plan – Section IV – P
Title 30 of the Texas Administrative Code, Part 1, Chapter 288, Subchapter A, Rules 288.1 and
288.7, and Subchapter B, Rule 288.22, downloaded from
http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/assets/public/legal/rules/rules/pdflib/288a.pdf, December 2008.
12
III. UTILITY SYSTEM PROFILE
A. Water Supply System
Wichita Falls is located in the drainage basin of the Red River, and uses the watersheds of the
Big Wichita and Little Wichita Rivers as the principal sources of water. Other than a few
relatively small natural ponds, reservoirs in the area are man made. The City of Wichita Falls is
sole owner or co-owner of five lakes (see Appendix 4).
Lake Wichita
Lake Wichita is closest to the City and is an impoundment of the Holliday Creek. The lake was
built in 1901, and was used for a number of years as the principal source of drinking water. The
quality of the water is generally poor for drinking purposes. The lake has silted badly and does
not offer a reliable, significant yield to meet the city's requirements. Its major uses today are
recreation and flood control. The dam and spillway has undergone a major renovation in 1992-
93 as part of the larger Holliday Creek Flood Control Project, a joint federal/local project.
Lakes Kemp & Diversion
Lakes Kemp and Diversion are jointly owned by the City of Wichita Falls and Wichita County
Water Improvement District #2. Both lakes are located on the Big Wichita River watershed and
are very high in chlorides, sulfates and total suspended solids. The water does not meet
generally accepted standards of quality for drinking purposes, although the City of Wichita Falls
used Lake Kemp as a supplementary source of water until the mid-1940's to mix with and
extend the primary source, Lake Wichita. A federally funded project, The Red River Chloride
Control Project, to reduce the flow of chlorides into Lake Kemp is partially complete. The
results achieved on the South Fork of the Big Wichita River promise a fairly substantial
13
reduction in the future chloride levels in Lake Kemp, improving the potential for greater use of
the water for drinking. Some quality problems, e.g. sulfates, will remain.
Lake Kemp has a conservation pool storage capacity of 245,434 acre feet (according to the
Texas Water Development Board) and an estimated safe yield of 70,000 acre feet per year or
62.5 million gallons per day. Construction of the lake was completed in 1923, and the dam and
spillway were reconstructed for flood control purposes in 1973. The U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers controls the release of waters above the conservation pool level. The major
purposes of the lake are recreation, flood control and source of supply for the downstream,
smaller Lake Diversion. The City of Wichita Falls has an annual municipal water right of 31,000
acre-feet for Lake Kemp.
Lake Diversion was completed in 1924 and has a conservation pool storage capacity of 31,000
acre feet. Its principal purpose is to raise the elevation of the water to allow the water to flow
into a series of irrigation canals between the Diversion dam site and east of Wichita Falls, a
distance of about 35 miles. The earthen dam was substantially modified in 1992 and 1993 to
meet current state and federal regulations.
Lakes Arrowhead & Kickapoo
Lakes Arrowhead and Kickapoo are the primary sources of drinking water supply for Wichita
Falls and several local towns and communities. The two lakes are on the Little Wichita River
watershed and offer a reliable, high quality source of water. In addition to their primary purpose
of providing a municipal water supply, Lakes Arrowhead and Kickapoo are important regional
recreational facilities. Lake Arrowhead has a conservation pool storage capacity of 235,997
acre feet and Lake Kickapoo has a conservation pool storage capacity of 85,825 acre feet. The
14
City of Wichita Falls has water rights of 45,000 acre-feet from Lake Arrowhead and 40,000
acre-feet from Lake Kickapoo. The safe yield from Lake Arrowhead is 26.3 million gallons per
day and the safe yield from Lake Kickapoo is 14.3 million gallons per day.
Raw water is transmitted from Lake Kickapoo to the Secondary Reservoir in Wichita Falls via a
39-inch concrete pipe. The main pump station at the dam has two pumps, each rated at a
capacity of 15 million gallons per day. There are three booster stations along the length of the
transmission line that must be operated to achieve the maximum withdrawal of about 28 million
gallons per day from the lake. Each booster station also has two pumps, each pump rated at
15 million gallons per day. Lake Kickapoo is at a higher elevation than the City, so water can
be withdrawn by gravity during months that require lower flows.
The transmission line from Lake Arrowhead to the secondary reservoir is 54 inches in diameter.
The Lake Arrowhead pump station has two pumps, each rated at 35 million gallons per day,
and can pump a combined total of about 55 million gallons per day. Water from the two lakes is
mixed in the 110 million gallon capacity Secondary Reservoir and then moved to the treatment
plants. Water moves to the Jasper Street Water Treatment Plant by gravity and is pumped to
the Cypress Street Water Treatment Plant.
All diversions from the lakes are metered at the point of discharge by devices with an accuracy
of + or – 5 percent. The metering devices are calibrated by an independent contractor,
annually.
B. Water Treatment System
15
Wichita Falls currently has a treatment capacity in excess of 76.0 million gallons per day, being
provided by two water treatment plants. The Jasper Street Water Treatment Facility, has a
capacity of 24.0 million gallons per day. It utilizes 2 upflow clarifiers and a series of 12 dual
media (anthracite/sand) filters to process drinking water. The Cypress Water Treatment Facility
has a treatment capacity of 52 million gallons per day. Cypress has 3 conventional plants that
can treat a total of 42 MGD using upflow clarifiers (87 & 10 Plants) and an in-line basin system
(61 Plant). The remaining 10 MGD treatment capacity at Cypress is comprised of a
Microfiltration / Reverse Osmosis Plant. Both Jasper and Cypress treatment facilities possess
a total of 30.5 million gallons worth of storage tanks that store the drinking water on site before
it is pumped to the public for consumption.
C. Water Distribution System
The distribution system consists of 720 miles of water lines that range in size from 1-inch to 30-
inch in diameter. In addition to the hundreds of miles of pipeline, the distribution system also
consists of 2,264 fire hydrants and 11,600 valves. On average, the City repairs 1,200 main
leaks, replaces 3,300 meters and handles 7,800 customer inquiries, annually.
There are four pressure planes, each with independent pumping and storage facilities. The
North pressure plane is served by a pumping station and ground storage tanks at North
16
Beverly, as well as a pumping station and 1.0 million gallon elevated storage tank at 287 West.
The East Pressure Plane is served by a single pump station and ground storage tank at 287
East and the West Pressure Plane is served directly from the Cypress Water Treatment Facility.
The majority of the Distribution System, however, lies within the Central Pressure Plane, which
is served by both Cypress and Jasper Water Treatment Facilities.
The City has a total storage capacity of 37 million gallons comprised of 30.5 million gallons
ground storage and 6.5 million gallons of elevated storage. All treatment, pumping,
transmission and storage facilities have redundancy to insure reliability of water service to the
various pressure planes.
As of 2014, there were 34,165 connections in the system, including 36 industrial, 29,933
residential, 491 public and 3,671 commercial connections. The City has entered into contracts
with 11 other municipalities to supply them with treated drinking water. All of the connections to
the City’s water supply are metered. The City’s utilities staff is responsible for the periodic
inspection, testing and replacement of the large (1.5 inch and larger) metering equipment. The
City currently does not regularly test its 5/8 inch and 1 inch meters, but rather adheres to a 10
year change-out of these meters. All meters utilized by the City operate within a +/- 5 %
accuracy, or they are repaired/replaced.
D. Historical Water Use Patterns and Trends.
An understanding of the historical use patterns and trends is necessary to determine how best
to use water efficiently. The City of Wichita Falls provides water service to 100% of its
17
population. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the City’s population in 2000 was 104,197.
The City’s total water use in 2000 was 6,752.7 million gallons. Table 1 shows the monthly
volume of water treated by the City’s plants for the last 10 years.
Table 1 Monthly Volume of Surface Water Treated (Million Gallons)
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
January 568.269 494.474 549.937 514.789 538.689 533.764 530.289 521.482 492.310 491.576
February 485.617 430.033 523.982 470.183 496.226 477.630 444.401 580.034 580.034 398.410
March 555.207 518.110 548.912 549.828 524.894 599.312 492.211 636.554 514.739 443.551
April 574.676 679.867 633.835 558.689 586.996 605.583 539.326 764.091 764.091 450.394
May 680.102 715.126 719.647 582.540 731.438 594.299 613.675 826.611 804.558 557.828
June 649.734 772.635 952.542 588.982 915.975 731.074 808.998 1114.476 1114.476 548.084
July 760.648 934.406 1163.506 707.773 1012.046 908.653 744.978 1284.073 1284.073 561.654
August 710.984 806.451 1139.607 876.462 904.683 916.368 988.601 1221.630 848.278 581.205
September 736.330 755.975 679.182 763.480 654.249 711.132 648.980 907.574 640.874 527.338
October 591.566 606.373 674.855 722.822 620.770 554.129 660.078 695.862 578.471 462.445
November 488.611 580.062 549.038 607.459 545.465 523.512 569.745 546.228 546.228 358.718
December 532.041 579.947 535.306 521.080 521.080 512.041 522.116 531.803 531.803 413.256
Total 7333.785 7873.459 8670.349 7464.087 8052.511 7667.497 7563.398 9630.418 8699.935 5794.459
Source: City of Wichita Falls
Table 2 shows the total annual water discharged from the plants into the City’s Distribution
System, as well as the unaccounted for water for the years 2006-2013. A 15% water loss has
been the long term goal, in an effort to keep the unaccounted for water volumes within an
acceptable range for a municipal water system. Although the table indicates a few years with
water losses above this goal, the overall average for the period was 12.3%.
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Table 2 Historical Yearly Water Use (Million Gallons)
Water Discharged
from Plants
Water
Metered Sold
Percent
Unaccounted
2006 8578.426 7254.563 15.4 %
2007 7353.168 6852.594 6.8 %
2008 7843.722 7849.371 0.0 %
2009 7550.090 6440.808 14.7 %
2010 7401.966 7132.744 3.6 %
2011 9451.733 8194.750 13.3 %
2012 8898.277 7050.134 20.8 %
2013 5510.071 4536.049 17.7 %
Wichita Falls sells water to two principal categories of customer: retail and wholesale. Retail
customers buy only treated water while wholesale customers purchase both treated and raw
water. Figures 1 and 2 below indicate the average amount of water used by each customer in
both raw and treated water categories.
Figure 1 Figure 2
Use of Raw Water
8%
92%
Raw Customers Treated Customers
Use of Treated Water
21%
79%
Wholesale City
The typical retail customer lives within the city limits of Wichita Falls and takes treated water
from City-owned facilities. The retail customer may be of a residential classification or
commercial/industrial classification. The City has a larger number of residential customers than
commercial/industrial as shown in Figure 3. However, as shown in Figure 4 the
commercial/industrial consume as much water as residential.
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Figure 3 Figure 4
Retail Meters
88%
12%
Residential Commercial
Water Consumption
50%50%
Residential Commercial
Table 3 shows the City’s five largest treated water customers for the period of October 2012
through September 2013. Water consumption for each customer will generally vary from year
to year, and rankings of large water customers change over time.
Table 3 Top Five High Volume Water Customers
October 2012 through September 2013
Customer Million Gallons
Allred Prison 213.307
PPG 106.516
Alcoa / Howmet 27.695
Admiral Linen 26.678
Midwestern State University 22.371
20
The typical wholesale customer purchases water under special contract arrangement with the
City of Wichita Falls. For rate-setting purposes, the wholesale customers are classified as "raw
water only", those who purchase raw water and transmit it to their treatment facilities by their
own pumping and raw water transmission systems; "raw water transmitted" designates those
wholesale customers who depend on the City pumping and transmission system to convey raw
water to a designated delivery point; "treated water only" includes the customers who have
exclusive use of an express pipeline from a treatment plant to their own storage and distribution
facilities; and "treated water transmitted", the customer who purchases treated water from the
City distribution system. Appendix 5 is a list of the current wholesale customers by rate
category.
Water management includes both the supply of water and the demand for water. As supply
and demand are balanced, the needs of the community are being met. A severe imbalance on
either side indicates insufficient planning and/or investment.
Before the drought of the late 90’s, the City was treating an average of 24 million gallons per
day for both retail and wholesale customers with a peak daily production rate of about 50 million
gallons per day. After that drought, the average daily production dropped to about 21 MGD,
with a peak daily production rate of about 45 MGD. However, as the City navigates through the
current drought since 2011, the average daily production has dropped to 15 MGD with Stage 3
drought restrictions implemented.
21
Figure 5
Average Daily Production
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
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2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Fiscal Year
Mi
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G
a
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o
n
s
p
e
r
D
a
y
The pattern formed by the peak production rate also demonstrates an overall decrease in water
usage since the last drought and through the restrictions of the current drought, as seen in
Figure 6.
Figure 6
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Maximum Water Production
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
19
8
0
19
81
198
2
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198
4
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88
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9
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199
1
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92
199
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9
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95
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6
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8
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13
Year
Mi
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a
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s
p
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a
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Max Day Plant Capacity
E. Population Trends and Projections.
Growth of the demand for water is a function of the per capita consumption and population.
The projected population within the City over the next decade to the year 2020 is approximately
114,576 persons, according to the Region B Water Planning Group. An additional growth of
1,550 persons is anticipated in the next decade in the Wichita County area outside the City of
Wichita Falls. Since the City provides water to the majority of the county residents plus
additional counties, we can anticipate serving a population increase of approximately 10,000
persons over the next few years to the year 2020. On the assumption the per capita use has
reached its maximum growth, the population increase represents an increase in the annual
average daily use of water of about 2.4 million gallons.
The City of Wichita Falls has seen a small but steady growth. Figure 7 shows the historical per
capita use.
Figure 7
23
Annual per Capita Usage
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
1999-2000
2000-2001
2001-2002
2002-2003
2003-2004
2004-2005
2005-2006
2006-2007
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
2010-2011
2011-2012
Fiscal Year
Ga
l
l
o
n
s
p
e
r
c
a
p
i
t
a
p
e
r
D
a
y
The overall trend has been downward, with a few spikes, mainly due to climatic conditions. The
low of 158 gpc/day was during the initial drought restrictions in 2012. Comparing this to the
longer historical record in Table 4 indicates that a reversal of habits may be occurring within the
Wichita Falls system.
Table 4 Seventy Year Historical Per Capita Water Use
1940 1951 1991 2000 2010
Population 46,000 * 66,500 *88,000 * 97,028* 104,553
Gallons per Capita per Day 82 119 194 246 161
Treatment Capacity (MGD) 9.5 21.7 56.0 56.0 64.0
* without SAFB
Some of the growth in the treatment capacity shown in the data above is a result of increasing
wholesale sales of water. None of the population of wholesale towns and communities is
included, however, in the per capita consumption shown; therefore the per capita use of water
by residents had more than doubled in just less than 50 years. The growth in the per capita
consumption is a direct result of increasing demand to fulfill lifestyle expectations. But, as can
24
be seen, a reversal of the overall trend may be taking effect due in part to 2 droughts within 10
years of one another.
There have been many discussions at the State and throughout the State’s Regional Planning
Groups about goals for per capita consumption. However, to date, neither a State nor Region B
per capita consumption goal has been forth-coming. In the interim, the City of Wichita Falls has
adopted a goal for per capita consumption of 155 gal/cap/day by the year 2030 for both
wholesale and retail accounts. The City has also adopted a short-term 5 year goal for per
capita consumption of 165 gal/cap/day by 2015 and a 10 year goal of 160 gal/cap/day by 2020.
Based on the recent trends, the City of Wichita Falls will have no problem meeting these goals.
The TWDB defines municipal water use as residential and commercial water use. Residential
use includes single and multi-family residential household water use. Commercial use includes
water used by business establishments, public offices, and institutions, but does not include
industrial water use. As a result, per capita consumption will be calculated based upon the
census population and the water use of the residential and commercial accounts.
The per capita consumption of water is a key indicator of the effect of increasing demands. It is
apparent that retarding the growth of the per capita consumption of water will result in a delayed
requirement for additional storage, treatment and distribution facilities, perhaps avoiding the
requirement for these facilities at all. A primary incentive, therefore, for conservation is the
direct and indirect monetary savings that accrue to the customer.
F. Projected Water Requirements.
25
An engineering study on the adequacy of the supply of water from Lakes Kickapoo and
Arrowhead was conducted in 1981 by the engineering firm of Freese and Nichols, Incorporated.
The study was conducted to determine the feasibility and necessity for a new reservoir site,
commonly called Lake Ringgold, near the confluence of the Little Wichita and Red Rivers at
Ringgold, Texas. Based on certain parameters of population growth, use rates and safe yields
of the lakes, the study concluded that Wichita Falls had an adequate supply of water until at
least the year 2010. However, due to the current drought, there is a very good possibility that
the City will need to construct Lake Ringgold or find alternative supplies in the very near future.
The TWDB Region B Planning Group conducted the latest authoritative engineering study on
the adequacy of the supply of water from Lakes Kickapoo and Arrowhead in 2000. The study
was conducted to determine the feasibility and necessity for new water supply sources for the
Region B, of which Wichita Falls is included. Based on certain parameters of population
growth, use rates and safe yields of the lakes, the study concluded that Wichita Falls will have a
supply shortage (safe supply) of 2,057 acre feet by the year 2060. As a result, three
alternatives for new water sources were proposed. These alternatives are; reuse of wastewater
effluent, constructing a Reverse Osmosis treatment plant to treat Lake Kemp water and
construction of Lake Ringgold. In addition, water conservation was recommended to delay the
need for the construction of Lake Ringgold.
The City of Wichita Falls has constructed the Reverse Osmosis plant and is currently evaluating
further the reuse of the wastewater effluent. The estimated construction cost of Lake Ringgold
and its associated pipeline at this time has made it a low priority with regards to a future water
source. However, it remains within the Region B Water Planning Group as an alternative water
strategy.
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With the 2010 completion of the 20-mgd addition to the Cypress Water Treatment Facility, by
the construction of the 10-mgd Reverse Osmosis plant and the 10-mgd conventional plant, the
City will have the capacity to meet the projected demand for treated water, plus some capacity
for growth in the future. During the drought of 1995-2002, the City did on occasion exceed the
maximum treatment capacity of the existing plants. Thus far, the growth of the demand has
been slower than predicted by a previous study, although the demand trend has risen. But,
even with the estimated population growth to the year 2020, the City should have adequate
treatment capacity. Water Conservation, including the use of reclaimed water, can retard the
growth of demand for potable water, and delay the requirement for additional new facilities.
With the addition of a new 1.5 million gallon elevated storage tank and new ground storage
tanks at the treatment facilities, the distribution and storage system is adequate to meet current
needs, but some additional storage and selected transmission lines will be required as the
population and demand shifts to undeveloped areas of the City.
G. Wastewater System
The flow to wastewater collection and treatment facilities has a direct correlation with the use of
water. Conservation therefore not only will delay the requirement for additional water supply
and treatment facilities, but also more wastewater collection and treatment facilities.
The wastewater collection system consists of some 650 miles of collection pipe and 55 lift
stations of various sizes and capacities. Deficiencies still exist in the system now, and
conservation is not a factor in their correction.
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Wichita Falls has two wastewater treatment plants. The newer and smaller of the two is located
north of the City and was built principally to attract and serve major industries. The plant treats
about 40% of the Sheppard Air Force Base sewage. The plant uses oxidation ditches for
treatment, and has a capacity of 1.5 million gallons per day.
The latest state-of-the art technology was incorporated into a major renovation and expansion
of the River Road Wastewater Treatment Plant in 1992. This renovation brought the plant
capacity to 19.91 million gallons per day. This has been projected to provide sufficient
wastewater treatment capacity for population growth perhaps to the year 2015 and possibly
beyond.
Figures 8 and 9, below, indicate the average daily use (shaded area titled "Daily") of the
existing Northside Wastewater Treatment Plant and the capacity of the River Road Plant. The
area of the pie chart titled "Capacity" indicates the unused, available capacity of the plant.
Sheppard Air Force Base (SAFB), a military establishment within the city limits of the City of
Wichita Falls, has phased out their wastewater treatment plant, and the City is now accepting
their flows. Therefore, data for the Northside Plant include the addition of those flows from
SAFB. Approximately 40% of the SAFB flow began at the Northside Plant in September 1990.
The remaining 60% flows to the River Road Plant.
Figure 8 Figure 9
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River Road WWTP Flows
59%
41%
Daily Average Capacity Available
Northside WWTP Flows
30%
70%
Daily Average Capacity Availabale
The City of Wichita Falls has prepared a Master Wastewater Plan that calls for the eventual
construction of a new wastewater treatment plant at the time the maximum capacity of the River
Road Wastewater Treatment Plant is neared. Conservation of water can play a major role in
delaying the need for further expansion of collection and treatment facilities.
H. Use of Reclaimed Water
The River Road and Northside Wastewater Treatment Plants currently utilize their treated
effluent for on-site irrigation, thereby diminishing their need for potable water to irrigate. Both
plants use an approximate total of 539,000 gallons of treated effluent per month. Also,
Sheppard Air Force Base (SAFB) is currently using effluent water from the Northside
Wastewater Treatment Plant to water an eighteen-hole golf course. SAFB uses approximately
40 million gallons per year to irrigate their golf course. These two irrigation practices alone use
approximately 46 million gallons of treated effluent per year, which would have otherwise had to
come from the potable water supply.
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Additionally, the City of Wichita Falls has recently requested authorization form the TCEQ, in
accordance with Title 30, Chapter 210 of the Texas Administrative Code, for the use of
reclaimed Type I and Type II effluent water by the City (see Appendix 16). The request is for a
Chapter 210 reuse that is as “global” as possible. The categories of usages will be; irrigation of
sports complexes, athletic fields, golf courses, ball parks, schools, parks, hospitals, industrial
centers, apartment complexes, commercial properties, industrial and manufacturing properties,
home lawn watering, food crops, pasture lands, road medians, cooling tower makeup water,
process water for owners and operators of oil and gas wells, fire fighting, industrial and
manufacturing processing, maintenance of impoundments, toilet and urinal flush water, road
construction, construction activities, dust control, use at airports, oil and gas exploration
activities, and water for government and military facilities.
The City of Wichita Falls intends to return up to 16.0 MGD of treated effluent from the River
Road Wastewater Treatment Plant to Lake Arrowhead. This project would allow for repurposing
all of the return flow from this plant. This project is expected to be on line by 2018.
A large industry on the north side of Wichita Falls, PPG, is developing a system to utilize
200,000 gpd of effluent from the Northside WWTP for cooling water. This project should be on-
line by the end of 2015 and will conserve the 200,000 gallons per day of water from the potable
water system.
IV. WATER CONSERVATION PLAN FOR MUNICIPAL WATER USES
A. General Discussion of Conservation Goals
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The City Council of the City of Wichita Falls recognizes it has a responsibility to assure an
adequate and safe supply of water for the commercial and residential use of the current
population of the city as well as future generations. The Council addressed the supply side of
the water balance equation in past years, and has provided an adequate and safe water supply
by increasing the water treatment capacity and water distribution system capacity, and by
initiating action to assure a long-term source of water by developing Lake Kemp as an
additional raw water source and evaluating the reuse of wastewater effluent.
The Council is now striving to complement the water supply management achievements by
managing the demand for water. The long-term objectives of demand management is to
control the per capita consumption of the vital natural resource and to prolong the use of
existing water reservoirs, treatment facilities and distribution networks, and sewage collection
and treatment facilities. The Council formed a Water Resources Commission and charged the
Commission with the responsibility to analyze strategies and recommend programs for the
efficient use of water and the management of water demand. This Water Conservation Plan
coordinates existing policies and procedures for conservation efforts. The objectives being
sought are to:
Reduce waste of water to slow or halt the growth of per capita consumption
Make better use of available water resources.
Educate the public on water saving techniques and the desirability of water
conservation as a principle of human behavior.
B. Public Awareness and Education Program
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The foundation of a water conservation effort is public awareness of and appreciation for the
need to conserve a finite resource. Community education must be a continuing process and
directed at all aspects of community life. The ultimate result of the education effort must be to
change behavior. There are two distinct community groups to address:
School-age children in the Wichita Falls Independent School District and other local
school districts require a long-term program, at all possible grade levels, in the
essential subject elements of "Water and Man", "Water Resources Education", and
possibly others.
The general adult population education is more short-term, targeted at making
specific changes in current attitudes and practices.
The goals of the water conservation program need to be made clear to the public as well as the
need for the goals. All educational efforts should relate to the local area -- using local statistics,
costs, availability, ease of care or use, etc. Since people often infer the term "conservation" to
mean a limitation of their desired lifestyle, education efforts should whenever possible use
terms that do not convey such implications, for example "efficient use" of water and "efficiency".
The community should be made aware of the effect of the general conservation measures that
can be taken, most at relatively small expense. Education programs should be directed toward
advertising these general conservation measures. The best approach is cost, emphasizing how
the efficient use of water can save dollars indirectly for the customer by lowering municipal
bond costs and operations and maintenance expenses, thereby reducing the rate to the
customer, and through direct savings on monthly water bills, energy to heat water, and sewer
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costs. The education program should emphasize the cost of leaks in faucets, toilets, and other
household fixtures. Clear, straightforward data should be presented that allow the customer to
understand the direct application of water savings, for example the amount of water used for
bathing, the amount of water used for showering with various types of shower heads, toilet
flushing, etc.
The customer should be told to check for leaks in the toilet using food coloring or special
purpose detection tablets. This can be accompanied by simple, straightforward explanations
with diagrams of the toilet flapper and other valve replacement in the tanks of the toilet.
Customers should be shown that dams can be used in toilet tanks to lower water use, yet
maintain adequate flow for the flushing action. Kits or packets can be developed and made
available for community distribution. These kits or packets may include dams, bags, literature,
flow restricters, etc., all directed toward a "do-it-yourself" water conserving effort. The kits or
packets may be distributed free to the full population or at a nominal charge to voluntary
customers. Claim coupons can be used to control free distribution to those customers who
express interest by redeeming the coupon.
The community should be educated on the types of water saving devices that are available on
the market so they can become more informed buyers. They need to understand through
community education measures how to examine their existing facilities to determine whether
they already have water-saving toilets, shower heads, etc.
While community efforts are going on, the City of Wichita Falls should be advertising the
measures taken by the City for the efficient use of water, e.g. rate strategies, meter
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replacement and repair programs, leak detection and maintenance programs, plumbing
ordinances, landscaping practices, water audits, etc.
The seasonal use of water for landscaping and irrigation is the single greatest cause of the
large peaks and require the construction, maintenance and operation of large capacity supply
systems. The City of Wichita Falls has, for example, water treatment facilities to treat 56 million
gallons per day even though the annual average requirement is just over 23 million gallons per
day. The reason is the summer peak use of water that must be met. State law requires the
public water system to provide treatment and distribution facilities adequate to meet the largest
single day of demand in the year. This area then is a major topic for public education and falls
in three general areas: correct watering and efficient water devices; yard preparation and
mulches; and appropriate plantings. Specific education measures that should be accomplished
are:
Education should avoid creating an impression of crisis, and should instead
emphasize that efficient use of water means less cost to the customer.
Develop and distribute information on correct watering, watering devices, and
yard preparation and mulches.
Encourage off-peak watering of landscapes.
Prepare a local directory of appropriate plants based on the A & M Extension
Services publication, “Xeriscape Bulletin B-1584-7-98” and a publication from the
Texas Water Development Board, “A Directory of Water Saving Plants and Trees
for Texas”.
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Create water wise demonstration areas in city parks, as well as areas of buffalo
grass. Emphasize that water wise is not cactus gardens as may be commonly
perceived.
Get local nurseries to stock plants fitting the above requirements, and have lists
and displays available in their stores.
Conduct contest(s) featuring water wise landscaping with nominal prizes.
Make sure all libraries have updated materials available.
Another major area of water efficiency is the reuse of water from wastewater treatment plants
("reclaimed water"). The main public education effort for this should be directed toward greater
public acceptance of the use of reclaimed water in future years. Public attention should be
drawn to the successful local reuse of water, for example the use of reclaimed water for
irrigating the golf course at Sheppard Air Force Base. A great opportunity for successful
education in water reuse is with school children, making them comfortable with the use of
reclaimed water as part of the water cycle.
Community education on water conservation should be a joint effort of several public and
private partners. The Wichita Falls Independent School District and other local school districts
are vitally important in the partnership approach to community education and their active
support of the program should be encouraged and sought. Jointly developed materials should
allow teachers to easily incorporate local information on the value of water; how to save water
in the home; how best to water outside; the constant reuse of water and how it can be reused
locally; what plants and trees grow best in Wichita Falls and local environs. The school system
is also an avenue through which information can be distributed to homes. "Energy patrols" in
school systems have educational and practical value. Sundry materials can be made available
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to the school systems in limited quantities from the Texas Water Development Board, A & M
Extension Service, Water Education Committee of the Texas Society of Engineers, and others.
The education program should seek support and participation from local foundations, garden
clubs, nurseries and organizations such as Sierra Club, League of Women Voters, River Bend
Nature Works Center, service clubs, etc. Very important will be youth organizations such as
Girl Scouts and Boy Scouts.
Some additional techniques for public education include:
Informational sentences on each water bill sent by the City.
Preparation of video tapes, slides, short programs for community presentations at
clubs, on TV and radio, news articles, etc. Use of materials from the American Water
Works Association, and the Texas Water Development Board should be promoted for
this.
The Director of Public Works of the City of Wichita Falls should plan and adopt a community
education program and should budget annually for the program.
C. Conservation Type Rate Structure
The City formerly used a declining block rate structure which reduces the cost of water at the
higher levels of use. In recognition that this type rate structure is a disincentive to water
conservation, the City adopted in September 2004, for residential customers an increasing
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block structure as a conservation method. For commercial customers, the City adopted a flat
rate structure in 2008.
The City will continue to periodically review these rate structures as to their possible impact on
water conservation, in the meantime balancing the economic impact on the customers and the
City.
D. Universal Metering and Meter Repair and Replacement Program
One of the most positive incentives for conservation of any product is cost. For this and other
reasons, an aggressive metering and meter repair and replacement program is vital to the City.
Such a program is one aspect of the efficient business operation of water and sewer service as
a government function and it preserves the financial integrity of the utility. The individual
customer has a right to expect that he is not paying more or less than another customer
similarly situated and that all are sharing an equal load. From the conservation perspective,
universal metering ensures that the customer is paying for services received and is sensitive to
the waste of a product for which he has paid.
The City meters all service connections and operates a comprehensive meter repair and
replacement program. Through a central data base system, the City maintains a record of the
installation and or calibration date of all meters, regardless of size or class of customer served.
The Director of Public Works insures that a new meter is installed or the old meter is calibrated
on prescribed anniversary dates, according to the size meter indicated below:
Meter Size Test Interval Change Out Interval
5/8" and 1" 10 Years
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1 1/2" and 2" 4 Years
3" and 4" 4 Year
6" and larger 1 Year
Any meter of any size is changed when it is determined the meter is inaccurate and cannot be
economically repaired, regardless of age or anniversary date. Master production meters at the
raw water sources and at the treatment plants are calibrated annually and repaired/replaced as
necessary.
Damaged or defective meters are reported by meter readers as they take daily readings.
Through predetermined codes, their reports of meter repairs needed are converted to specific
work orders by computer. The work orders are then managed, accounted and accomplished by
a meter repair section in the Public Works Department. Defective meters can also be reported
by citizens/customers, by utility work crews and other sundry persons. These reports are also
recorded as work orders and processed as indicated. Finally, defective meters are often found
by review of customer use patterns and the analysis of computer summary data on individual
accounts.
The City also aggressively pursues the illegal use of water through "straight-line" connections.
Such instances are filed with the Municipal Court for prosecution and recovery of revenue.
This metering and meter replacement and repair program is programmed and budgeted
annually. Public Works management monitors the accomplishment of the program through
submission of tailored monthly reports.
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E. Leak Detection and Maintenance Program
To achieve the objective of reducing the waste of water, the Director of Public Works maintains
adequate reporting and compiling of data to determine that the total sales of finished water
compares favorably with the quantity of water produced and pumped from the plants to the
distribution system. The water industry refers to the difference between the two quantities as
"unaccounted" water, and we should seek to achieve the standard of the American Water Work
Association for an efficiently operated utility of not more than 15% unaccounted water.
One of the principal ways of controlling the amount of unaccounted water is an aggressive leak
detection and repair program. So long as the quantity of unaccounted water does not exceed
15% of the total water produced, the City uses a visual leak detection concept. When the total
unaccounted water exceeds the stated percentage, the City will begin weighing the cost benefit
of more sophisticated means of leak detection, particularly the use of electronic detection
equipments and techniques, and of consultants for comprehensive audits.
F. Plumbing Codes for Water Conservation Devices
Representatives of the engineering and plumbing professions serve on the City Plumbing
Board, and the Board advises the City Council on matters relating to the Plumbing Code. The
Board and Council mutually recognize the desirability of conserving water. This recognition
resulted in 1987 in the amendment of the Plumbing Code to add restrictions on the maximum
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volume of water for certain plumbing facilities and devices. The currently has adopted the 2009
International Plumbing Code and also adheres to all state mandates which are passed down by
the State Plumbing Board.
The City Plumbing Code, integral to the Code of Ordinances, specifies that water conserving
plumbing facilities and devices shall be used for construction and remodeling. Urinals must be
adequately flushed with no more than one gallon of water per flush and automatic flushing
devices of the siphonic design shall not be used to operate urinals. Water closets (toilets),
either flush tank or flushometer operated, shall be designed, manufactured and installed to be
operable and adequately flushed with no more than 1.6 gallons of water per flushing cycle.
Faucets for public lavatories shall be equipped with outlet devices which limit the flow of water
to a maximum of one-half gallon per minute or be equipped with self-closing valves that limit the
delivery of water to a maximum of one-quarter gallon per minute of hot water for recirculating
systems and to a maximum of one-half gallon per minute per non-recirculating systems.
Shower heads for private use shall be designed, manufactured and installed to deliver water at
a flow rate not to exceed 1.5 gallons per minute; sink faucets, not to exceed 2.5 gallons per
minute. It is also important to note , that all new plumbing fixtures exceed these minimum
standards.
G. Retrofit Program to Improve Water Use Efficiency
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A mandated retrofit program is not considered necessary nor desirable because there is not a
general shortage of water for citizens. Nonetheless, it is recognized that retrofitting wasteful
plumbing devices is a valid means of conserving a finite natural resource. The City of Wichita
Falls should stress to its citizens the importance and cumulative effect of various water
conservation techniques, including the use of restricted flow plumbing devices. Education
programs should provide information to the public on flow rates and cost savings; the individual
citizen can then consider the cost benefits of retrofitting with water saving plumbing devices.
H. Water Recycling and Reuse
Water reuse affects both the supply and demand side of the water balance equation. Demand
for potable water is reduced by water reuse even though the total consumption of water may
not be reduced. The reduced demand from reuse affects the supply system in the same way
as other conservation measures: a reduced requirement for storage, treatment and distribution
facilities. Water reuse may vary from very limited application, such as residential reuse of "gray
water," to large scale applications of irrigation with wastewater treatment plant effluent
("reclaimed water").
Industry is on the vanguard of water reuse through recycling. Several local industries have
found it advantageous to install treatment facilities that allow recycling of water used in the
manufacturing processes, taking only the additional water required for makeup. The reuse of
water by industry not only reduces the demand for water, but also reduces the total flow to
wastewater treatment plants, often precluding the concentration of chemicals from the
manufacturing process.
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At this time, the use of gray water in residential areas does not appear to be an area of
significant impact. It is, however, an area where the individual customer can be made more
sensitive to the potential for water conservation. Therefore, the reuse of water by residential
customers should be stressed by the City through various educational initiatives.
Two major non-industrial generators of gray water are commercial laundries and commercial
car washes. Commercial laundries are not realistic candidates for reuse because of the
expense to process gray water adequately to the required quality. Commercial car washes
offer greater potential. Some local car washes now recycle, and technology is being rapidly
developed that appears to provide more lucrative returns for the operators to consider water
reuse.
The major effort of the City in gray water reuse should be to educate the public on the safe use
of gray water and to encourage non-industrial generators of gray water to consider the cost
benefits of developing technology for recycling. The City should continue to applaud the
leadership of industry and should support industry in the recycling of process water.
An area of considerable potential for conservation of water is the use of effluent ("reclaimed
water") from wastewater treatment plants. Sheppard Air Force Base is currently using
treatment plant effluent to water an eighteen-hole golf course. This is a prime example of water
reuse and of conservation effort. While the effluent must be used within the guidelines of
federal and state regulatory agencies, there are several applications that may be cost beneficial
in the future. See Section III – H for a complete discussion of the use of reclaimed water in
substitution for potable water.
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I. Water Conserving Landscaping
As has been indicated, the seasonal use of water for landscape irrigation and other outside
uses is the primary reason for the peaks that is the basis for construction, maintenance and
operation of large treatment and distribution systems. It follows then, that efficient use of water
in this area can have a pronounced effect on water bills for the consumer and the peak demand
on water supply facilities; the health of plants and grasses in the landscape is also improved by
the efficient use. Through education of the public to certain proven techniques, water can be
used more efficiently without any lessening of the concurrent City goals of landscape
beautification and industrial recruitment.
There are several efficiencies that will conserve water. Foremost is the method used for
irrigation of landscape. It is a tendency to water too often, sometimes too spasmodically, and
for too long a period of time to be efficient. Plants and grasses that are watered too often
and/or too superficially develop a shallow root system that demands more frequent watering for
the adequate health of the plants and grasses. Thorough deep watering draws roots down
deep to get the moisture, and the deeper root system is healthier, requires less frequent
waterings, and can better withstand long dry spells.
The soil in Wichita Falls and its environs is of rather tight texture and does not absorb water
readily. Water running down the curbs is a possible signal of too much water being put on too
quickly for the ground to absorb. Water sprinklers that put out water more slowly, or shorter
watering periods can relieve this. Lawn aerators that plug small holes in the lawn aid greatly in
the absorption rate.
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An important aspect of efficient watering of landscapes is the type sprinkling device used.
There are hundreds of watering devices on the market. Some are prone to huge evaporation
losses because the water is broken up into too fine a mist or because the water is thrown too
high into the air. Sprinklers should be chosen and placed carefully to cover the areas needing
water, but avoid placing water on driveways, walks, streets, etc. Local merchants should be
encouraged to carry, advertise and otherwise promote the more efficient watering devices.
The public should be constantly reminded that the most efficient use of water on plants is by
drip irrigation. Water is put at the base of the plant slowly and only where it is needed. This
method needs to be greatly expanded through education and by encouraging local merchants
to stock and promote drip irrigation systems.
The installation of a complete lawn sprinkler system is a convenient way to maintain a healthy
lawn, and the use of automatic electronic timers should be encouraged. The timers prevent
leaving water on for too long a period through forgetfulness, and facilitate using the water at the
best time of day when there is the greatest effect for the plants and the least evaporation.
Technology such as rain sensors should be used in conjunction with electronic timers to
prevent the irrigation system from being turned on when adequate moisture is available in the
soil. The technology of these devices is adequately proven, the City should consider requiring
the devices on all new irrigation system installation and possibly the retrofitting of the existing
system over a period of time.
The automatic timers offer flexibility. For example a sloped area that cannot absorb water
before runoff can be watered several times each day at selected intervals. This prevents
wasted water running down the curb.
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The public should also be made aware that water timers are available to hook to a faucet to set
watering time; some of these timers are programmable. These devices are fairly new to the
market, but they are available at some local suppliers and offer the customer without an
irrigation system the opportunity to make more efficient use of hose sprinkling systems.
The use of water wise landscaping techniques should be stressed. This is the use of native
grasses and plants that do not have a high water demand. Local nurseries are already stocking
and selling a great many of these and many more are coming onto the market. Local nurseries
and other landscape dealers and installers should be encouraged to continue and increase their
stock of these more efficient plants and to participate in informing the public to the availability
and use of the native plants. Sensible water use through drip irrigation and water-efficient
plants can achieve a near perfect balance between wise water use and attractive landscaping.
The City Parks and Recreation Department should undertake Xeriscape projects to make more
efficient use of water and to show the public the attractiveness of this form of landscaping.
Wide public attention should be drawn to such Xeriscape projects.
Large customers who are located near raw water transmission systems should be encouraged
to use raw water rather than treated. Such programs can save money for the customer and will
reduce the load on City treatment facilities and treated water distribution systems. The savings
and cost of chemical treating and filtering and additional pumping and distribution is substantial,
and more importantly, in the sense of conservation the use of these facilities is prolonged.
Beyond the use of natural landscaping and water conserving irrigation, the use of “water
harvesting” could be practiced by capturing rainfall runoff from the property. There are
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numerous sources for this information available via the internet. This can reduce the need for
potable water for landscaping.
J. Other Initiatives for Efficient Water Resource Use
The emphasis of this water conservation plan is on conserving the use of water. However, one
of the acknowledged goals of water conservation is to reduce the flow of water to wastewater
treatment plants, thereby reducing or delaying the requirement for new collection and treatment
facilities or expansion of existing facilities. Another means of achieving this same objective of
conserving wastewater facilities is to reduce the invasion of ground and surface waters into the
sewage collection system. The City of Wichita Falls has an aggressive program to find and
repair the source of invasion of these waters into the system.
Manholes are a known source of infiltration and inflow of external water. Manhole leaks are
detected by smoke and are repaired immediately. Some manholes are in low areas and are
subject to being covered by runoff waters. Special plastic rainguard devices are used in these
manholes to prevent the entry of water from the surface.
The City annually conducts a Budget Utility Improvements Project that includes the
rehabilitation of aged and deteriorated sewer lines. These old, structurally unsound sewer lines
are often major sources of water invasion. The lines are rehabilitated by slip lining with a
polyethelene pipe or by replacement of the line.
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Another technique to detect the source of water invasion is television of sewer lines. The City
of Wichita Falls makes frequent use of this technique to determine the need for rehabilitation of
a line and to find sources of water invasion. The City also uses sophisticated electronic flow
measuring equipment to isolate areas of potential inflow so leak detection measures can be
used in the area.
Another initiative by the City to preclude entry of rainwater into the sewage collection system is
an ordinance prohibiting any plumbing installation that admits storm or groundwater to enter the
sanitary sewer. When such installations are detected by inspection or by smoke injection, the
property owner is required to make repairs under supervision of the City plumbing inspector.
The initiatives to control the unnecessary flow of waters through the collection system to the
wastewater treatment plants are conducted on a continuous basis by utilities managers and
crews.
K. Permanent Conservation Measures
The City of Wichita Falls has implemented permanent conservation measures. These
measures were adopted by ordinance by the City Council. There are four components to this
ordinance.
The first is that spray irrigation use is prohibited from 11:00 A.M. to 6:00 P.M.. Non-spray type
irrigation systems such as drip or soaker hoses are allowed, as is hand watering.
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The second measure is that if washing a car at any location other than a commercial car wash,
car dealership, detail shop or automotive shop is prohibited, unless the hose has a positive
shutoff nozzle attached.
The third measure is that all new irrigation systems shall be designed by a licensed
professional, recognized by the State of Texas. In addition, the design must include water
saving devices such as automatic timers and moisture detection devices.
The final measure is that no water shall be served at a restaurant, bar or club unless the
customer requests water.
L. Implementation of Plan and Enforcement
Implementation of the Water Conservation Plan is a matter of cooperative effort between the
various departments of the City and a permanent Water Resources Commission. The Director
of Public Works should coordinate the implementation and enforcement of the plan through
existing ordinances and adopted budgets.
The Water Resources Commission advises the staff, participates in the periodic update of the
plan and assures the Council that water resources are being managed judiciously in
accordance with the Conservation Plan. The Commission consists of five members appointed
by the Council to alternating two-year terms. Each citizen member shall have a professional
interest in the efficient use of water. The Commission is to meet at least quarterly and a report
with observations and recommendations should be submitted to the City Council.
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The universal metering and meter repair and replacement program is in effect now and requires
no modification or additional implementation. The same is true of the leak detection and
maintenance program.
Water conservation landscaping on a routine basis is principally a matter of educating the public
and of coordinating and working with local landscape architects and nursery owners. A
xeriscape pilot project by the City Parks Department should be installed as a demonstration to
the public. This project should be located in an easily accessible area and should be marked
with appropriate signs to highlight the water conservation aspects of the landscaping.
The plumbing code for water conservation is adequate at this time and no further
implementation is required. However, the Council is receptive to new initiatives from the
Plumbing Board.
Reuse and recycling offer potential for significant water savings in the future when costs and
regulatory controls make the use more attractive to the typical customer.
M. Regional Coordination
The service area of the City of Wichita Falls is located within the Region B Water Planning Group. To
coordinate developing the Plan with the Regional Water Planning Group, the City staff has continuous
correspondence with the regional planning consultant and the Red River Authority representatives of the
Region B Water Planning Group, as well as participating on the Region B Planning Board. In addition, a
letter will be sent to the Region B Water Planning Group providing them a copy of the plan, as submitted
to the City Council for approval. Documents verifying this coordination are included in Appendix 6.
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N. Retail/Wholesale Water Supply Contract Requirements
The City of Wichita Falls has reviewed all of its retail/wholesale water customer contracts and
has ensured that all contracts have additional conservation requirements, as required pursuant
to 30 TAC, Chapter 288. If the City’s retail/wholesale customer intends to sell the water to
another water retailer, then the contract for resale must also include water conservation
requirements.
Additionally, all retail/wholesale contracts with the City include a provision that in the case of a shortage
of water resulting from a drought, the water to be distributed shall be divided in accordance with Texas
Water Code § 11.039 (Appendix 7).
O. Reservoir Systems Operation Plan
The City of Wichita Falls owns Lake Arrowhead, Lake Kickapoo and Lake Wichita and therefore
does not coordinate the operation of these reservoirs with other entities which would require an
operating plan. However, the City does operate and maintain these three reservoirs in
accordance with State and Federal guidelines and coordinates regularly with the appropriate
agencies. The City has the following water rights:
14.663 billion gallons (45,000 acre feet) per year from Lake Arrowhead
13.034 billion gallons (40,000 acre feet) per year from Lake Kickapoo
2.375 billion gallons (7,289 acre feet) per year from Lake Wichita
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The City jointly owns the Lake Kemp & Diversion water system with Wichita County Water
Improvement District #2 (WCWID2). The City coordinates the operation of this lake system with
the WCWID2, and has the following water rights:
10.101 billion gallons (31,000 acre feet) per year from Lake Kemp
Under agreement with Wichita County Water Improvement District #2, and American Electric
Power Company, once Lake Kemp/ Diversion system reaches the last 50,000 ac-ft. of its
storage capacity, all water is held in reserve for use by the City for drinking water purposes.
P. Review and Update of Water Conservation and Drought Contingency Plans
The Water Conservation and Drought Contingency Plans will be reviewed annually by City staff
and the Water Resource Commission, to ensure that City Ordinances and programs remain
current and progressive for water conservation. As required by TCEQ rules, the Water
Conservation and Drought Contingency Plans will be reviewed every five years. The plans will
be updated as appropriate, based on new or updated information.
Q. Record Management System
The City upgraded its water accounting software system in the late 1990’s. This system allows
for the identification of residential, commercial, industrial, and public users. The City’s Utility
Collections Division now identifies and tracks the different categories of water consumption.
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All information obtained from the review and evaluation of this data will assist in future planning
of conservation strategies.
V. WATER CONSERVATION PLAN FOR INDUSTRIAL / MINING WATER USES
A. Description of Water Use
The City has requested authority to divert and use water associated with both industrial and
mining purposes and to do so within the existing diversion rates authorized for Lakes
Arrowhead and Kickapoo (see Appendix 8). The majority of use is expected to be towards the
development of natural gas, including hydraulic fracturing activities, and is not expected to
exceed more than 1,200 acre-feet per year. Water will be diverted from the perimeter of the
reservoir and metered prior to delivery by pipeline or trucked to the point of use.
B. Conservation Goals
The water conservation goal for the industrial/mining operations is to reach a specific
percentage of water reused by the operation. Reuse of recovered/flowback water from
hydraulic fracturing operations will be used to the extent it can feasibly be treated to remove
significant chloride concentrations. The City has established a five-year target goal of 2.5% (by
2013) and a ten-year target goal of 5.0% (by 2018). In an attempt to meet these goals, the City
has developed the following actions to achieve the goals set in the Water Projections found in
Section III (Utility System Profile). The conservation goals of this plan include the following:
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Install, by contract, a flow metering device that can measure the amount of water utilized
with a minimum accuracy of +/- 5%. Specific quantitative goals can be determined once
the actual amount of water usage is quantified.
Maintain a program for leak detection and repair of the water supply system.
C. Practices and Devices to Measure Diversions
Devices, such as mechanical or Doppler meters, and methods will be installed and instituted to
ensure that all diversions of water are measured and accounted for within an accuracy of +/-
5%. All diversions must be performed, monitored, and recorded in a manner that is consistent
with the City’s withdrawal and accounting plan authorized pursuant to the Certificate of
Adjudication, or any subsequent amendments thereto.
D. Leak Detection, Repair and Water Loss Accounting
The City has a standard policy for leak detection and water loss accounting. This policy is part
of the Water Conservation Plan found in Section IV. However, the efforts to detect and repair
leaks will largely be the responsibility of the user of the industrial/mining water, whose
approaches shall be documented to the City, as part of its loss accounting policy.
E. Means to Improve Water Use Efficiency
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Any additional water conservation practices, methods and techniques that are feasible and
appropriate to achieve the stated goals of the water conservation plan will be instituted. This
includes, but is not limited to, the application of state-of-the-art equipment and-or process
modifications to improve water use efficiency.
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VI. DROUGHT CONTINGENCY PLAN
A. General
Wichita Falls has adequate water to sustain it through the longest recorded drought in history
(safe maximum yield). One has to question, however, whether a drought being experienced is
a record-setting drought. Prudence dictates that the safe yields are treated as statistical values
and that reasonable contingency plans to be in place to deal with a shortage of water. This
drought contingency plan is predicated on maintaining a minimum reservoir storage capacity
and a finite treatment capacity by using pre-planned, progressive measures to alter demand
and to augment supply. The total objective is to keep the level of Lakes Kickapoo and
Arrowhead at more than 25% of the conservation storage capacity, and treatment levels within
capacity limits.
The City constructed the Reverse Osmosis (RO) plant to develop the Lake Kemp system into a
drinking water supply. However, the RO plant was designed to provide 10 million gallons of
drinking water each day (13% of total treatment capacity), which is the amount required to
sustain basic sanitary needs during a summer drought condition. Therefore, based on the facts
that the RO treatment capacity is such a small contributor to the overall City treatment capacity,
and that Lake Kemp is the only “fall back” source of drinking water when all other lakes are
below 25%, the City has elected not to utilize the Lake Kemp storage capacity in its calculation
for the triggering of the various drought stages. It is felt that this is a more conservative
approach to maintaining an adequate supply of source water for the citizens of Wichita Falls.
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The Director of Public Works is the responsible official for the coordination, expansion and
implementation of this drought contingency plan. All other City departments provide support as
requested by the Director of Public Works.
B. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Rules
The TCEQ rules governing development of drought contingency plans for public water suppliers are
contained in Title 30, Part 1, Chapter 288, Subchapter B, Rule 288.20 of the Texas Administrative Code,
which is included in Appendix 9. For the purpose of these rules, a drought contingency plan is defined as
“a strategy or combination of strategies for temporary supply and demand management responses to
temporary and potentially recurring water supply shortages and other water supply emergencies”.
Minimum Requirements
TCEQ’s minimum requirements for drought contingency plans are addressed in the following
subsections of this report:
288.20(a)(1)(A) – Provisions to Inform the Public and Provide Opportunity for Public
Input – Section VI – C
288.20(a)(1)(B) – Provisions for Continuing Public Education and Information –
Section VI – C
288.20(a)(1)(C) – Coordination with the Regional Water Planning Group –
Section IV – M
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288.20(a)(1)(D) – Criteria for Initiation and Termination of Drought Stages –
Section VI – E
288.20(a)(1)(E) – Drought and Emergency Response Stages – Section VI – D
288.20(a)(1)(F) – Quantified Water Use Reduction Targets During Periods of Water
Shortage and Drought – Section VI – F
288.20(a)(1)(G) – Water Supply and Demand Management Measures for Each Stage –
Section VI – D
288.20(a)(1)(H) – Procedures for Initiation and Termination of Drought Stages –
Section VI – E
288.20(a)(1)(I) – Procedures for Granting Variances – Section VI – G
288.20(a)(1)(J) – Procedures for Enforcement of Mandatory Restrictions –
Section VI – H
288.20(a)(3) – Consultation with Wholesale Supplier – Sections IV – N
288.20(b) – Notification of Implementation of Mandatory Measures – Section VI – D
288.20(c) – Review and Update of Plan – Section IV – P
Title 30 of the Texas Administrative Code, Part 1, Chapter 288, Subchapter A, Rules 288.1 and
288.5, and Subchapter B, Rule 288.22, downloaded from
http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/assets/public/legal/rules/rules/pdflib/288a.pdf, March 2007.
C. Public Involvement, Education and Regional Coordination
The City will provide the opportunity for public input in the development of this drought
contingency plan by the following means:
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Providing written notice of the proposed plan and the opportunity to comment on
the plan by posted notice and notice on the City of Wichita Falls Web site
(www.wichitafallstx.gov)
Making the draft plan available on the City of Wichita Falls Web site
(www.wichitafallstx.gov)
Providing the draft plan to anyone requesting a copy.
The Region B Water Planning Group was invited to comment and have received a copy of the
Plan for coordination with the Region B Regional Water Plan. Public education of drought
contingency issues may include public reference materials at the Utility Collections Offices and
the Wichita Falls Library, the annual Consumer Confidence Report, press releases to the local
media and public service announcements on the City’s public access channel.
D. Drought Management Programs.
1. Permanent “Year Round” Restrictions:
The City of Wichita Falls has several restrictions that are effective year round,
independent of the level of water in the lakes. Those restrictions include:
a. Ban on outside spray type irrigation between the hours of 11am and 6pm,
on any day of the week.
b. If washing vehicles at home, the hose must be equipped with a positive
shutoff nozzle.
c. All new irrigation installation must be designed by a licensed professional in
the State of Texas.
d. Restaurants, Bars, Clubs, Cafeterias cannot serve water unless the
customer requests such water.
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2. Stage 1: "Drought Watch":
A drought watch will be initiated when
i) the combined storage of Lakes Kickapoo and Arrowhead declines to
60% of the conservation pool storage capacity.
The purpose of declaring a drought watch is to heighten public sensitivity.
The following actions should occur under the direction of the Director of Public
Works in this phase.
a. The following actions shall occur under the direction of the Director of Public Works,
with the goal of reducing the amount of water being used by 5%:
a. The City Council and other City Departments will be notified of the impending
problem and the proposed immediate and future actions.
b. The City shall initiate an education program through all available media to:
i. Alert the public to the depletion of the reservoirs; current rate of withdrawals
and the effect of such withdrawals; current treatment rates; current
meteorological conditions; and the long-range weather forecast from the
National Weather Service.
ii. Alert the public to the drought management program, the various stages and
measures, and the possibility of implementation.
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iii. Keep a constant flow of information to the public to condition them for more
stringent measures.
c. Parks Department will reduce its watering schedule to twice per week.
d. The Public Works Department will coordinate with other departments on the
structure of a program to implement voluntary and non-voluntary water
restrictions.
e. The Public Works Department will conduct training necessary to implement the
water restriction program.
f. The Public Works Department will prepare all administrative processes (forms,
affidavits, maps, offices, etc.) for the restriction program.
Near 50 Percent Capacity
When the levels near a combined capacity of 50 percent, the city shall mail a copy of
the Water Rationing Zone Map, with a cover letter describing the drought conditions,
to each water account. Failure to mail or receive such warning shall not be a
defense to any crime, restriction, or charge established in this division.
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Stage 2: "Drought Warning":
(1) The Director of Public Works shall declare a Stage 2 Drought Warning when
levels of Lakes Arrowhead and Kickapoo reach a combined capacity of 50 percent.
(2) The following actions shall occur under the direction of the Director of Public
Works, with the goal of reducing the amount of water being used by 15%:
a. Form a Drought Emergency Task Force for guidance through the remainder of
the drought and to interface with the public.
b. Suspend all non-essential operational use of water by City of Wichita Falls, such
as flushing water mains, street sweeping, water jet cleaning of sanitary sewer
mains, fire fighter training, etc.), except where such use of water is critical to the
health and safety of the citizens.
c. Parks Department will reduce watering to once per week or only enough water to
support their trees, whichever is less.
d. Notify all wholesale customers of the situation and inform them of the reduction
goals for their systems in accordance with their individual contracts with the City
of Wichita Falls. Pro rata curtailment by wholesale customers will be based upon
their contractual limits as provided in Texas Water Code § 11.039.
(3) In Stage 2 drought, the following restrictions shall apply:
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a. Irrigation:
i. It shall be unlawful to run outside irrigation systems (including sprinklers,
automatic sprinkler systems and unattended hoses) except on the day of
the week permitted for the area as identified on the Water Rationing Zone
Map. An official copy of the Water Rationing Zone Map shall be kept on file
in the office of the City Clerk.
ii. It shall be unlawful to utilize spray irrigation between the hours of 11:00
a.m. and 6:00 p.m.
iii. Landscape watering is permitted any day at any time with a hand-held
hose, soaker hose, bucket (five gallons or less), watering can, bubbler or
drip irrigation system.
iv. On days other than the day of the week permitted by the Water Rationing
Zone Map, testing and troubleshooting of irrigation systems that involve the
release of water is permissible any time, including between the hours of
11:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., as long as a licensed plumber or irrigator is
present on location during testing (and visible to the ticket writer). Testing
and troubleshooting of irrigation systems by other than a licensed plumber
or irrigator that involves the release of water is otherwise permissible only
on the day of week and time of day permitted by the Water Rationing Zone
Map.
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v. New Landscape Waiver. A waiver of this subsection may be granted for the
irrigation of new landscaping plants whereby watering would be permitted
to maintain adequate growth until the plants are established but not to
exceed a 30-day time period. Any person wishing such a waiver must
make application to the City Public Works Department and pay a $50.00
nonrefundable fee. The applicant must agree to pay a water rate that is
three times the normal rate for that customer for all consumption over 10
CCF as registered by residential meters and all consumption as registered
by Irrigation meters or commercial meters.
vi. Public and Private Golf Courses.
Greens: Golf Courses may utilize Spray Irrigation on greens at any
time for the purpose of cooling golf course greens when warranted by
weather conditions and only with run cycles of less than 5 minutes
every 60 minutes. Golf course greens are exempt from the Spray
Irrigation days established in (d) (3) a., and greens may be Spray
Irrigated any day of the week, but will be subject to the prohibition of
spray irrigation during the daylight hours between 11a.m. & 6 p.m..
Tee Boxes: It shall be unlawful for golf courses to Spray Irrigate Tee-
Boxes, except on the day of the week permitted for the area as
identified on the Water Rationing Zone map, but will be subject to the
prohibition of spray irrigation during the daylight hours between 11a.m.
& 6 p.m.
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Fairways: It shall be unlawful for golf courses to Spray Irrigate
Fairways, except on the day of the week permitted for the area as
identified on the Water Rationing Zone map, , but will be subject to the
prohibition of spray irrigation during the daylight hours between 11a.m.
& 6 p.m..
All other Golf Course Features: It shall be unlawful for golf courses to
Spray Irrigate any other landscape features, such as roughs, trees,
shrubs, etc.
vii. Nursery plant stock is exempt from the irrigation and landscape watering
restrictions of this subsection.
b. Car washing:
i. It shall be unlawful to wash a vehicle at any location other than a
commercial car wash, car dealership, detail shop or automotive shop.
ii. The washing of a vehicle for health and safety reasons, sufficient to
remove the hazard, is permitted any time.
iii. Washing a vehicle with a bucket, on the day to water or on the lawn while
watering, other than at a commercial car wash, car dealership, detail shop
or automotive shop, is prohibited.
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iv. Fundraising car washes are prohibited.
c. Restaurants / Bars / Clubs / School Cafeterias. It shall be unlawful to provide
drinking water to customers of restaurants, bars, or clubs unless the customer
requests such water.
d. Washing sidewalks, driveways, or concrete slabs: It shall be unlawful to wash
sidewalks, driveways, or concrete slabs unless an immediate health or safety risk
is present.
(5) During a Stage 2 Drought Warning, the following surcharges will be applied to all
applicable accounts:
a. For Residential Water Meters;
$0.50 per hundred cubic feet (CCF) between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$1.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$2.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
b. For Irrigation Water Meters;
$0.50 per CCF between 0 CCF and 10 CCF,
$1.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$2.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$4.00 for each CCF over 40 CCF.
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3. Stage 3: "Drought Emergency":
(1) The Director of Public Works shall declare a Stage 3 Drought Emergency when the
levels of Lakes Arrowhead and Kickapoo reach a combined capacity of 40 percent.
(2) The following actions shall occur under the direction of the Director of Public Works,
with the goal of reducing the amount of water being used by 35%:
a. monitor all Fire Hydrant Meters that are for contractor use, to determine what
conservation can be achieved through this type of water usage,
b. specify and impose mandatory reductions on wholesale (raw & treated) water
customers in accordance with Texas Water Code § 11.039, and
c. begin establishing a program for a Drought Disaster, which will allow restriction
on the essential uses of water and prepare for implementation.
(3) In Stage 3 drought, the following restrictions shall apply:
a. Irrigation:
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i. It shall be unlawful to run outside irrigation systems (including sprinklers,
automatic sprinkler systems and unattended hoses) except on the day of
the week permitted for the area as identified on the Water Rationing Zone
Map.
ii. It shall be unlawful to utilize spray irrigation during the day specified in
(d)(4)a.i., except for the following hours:
2:00 a.m. to 5 7:00 a.m. for Automatic Sprinkler Systems
8:00 p.m. to 12 midnight for Hose-End Sprinkler Systems
iii. It shall be unlawful to operate a soaker hose, bubbler or drip irrigation
system in a manner that causes the delivery of more water than the hose,
bubbler, or system was intended by the manufacturer to deliver.
iv. It shall be unlawful to operate a soaker hose, bubbler or drip irrigation
system in a manner that causes water to run down the curb.
v. New Landscape Waiver: The Public Works Department will not issue any
waivers during a Stage 3 Drought Emergency.
vi. Public and Private Golf Courses.
Greens: Golf Courses may utilize Spray Irrigation on greens at any
time for the purpose of cooling golf course greens when warranted by
weather conditions and only with run cycles of less than 5 minutes
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every 60 minutes. Golf course greens are exempt from the Spray
Irrigation times, and greens may be Spray Irrigated any day of the
week, but will continue to be subject to the prohibition of spray irrigation
during the daylight hours between 11a.m. and 6 p.m..
Tee Boxes: It shall be unlawful for golf courses to Spray Irrigate Tee-
Boxes, except on the day of the week permitted for the area as
identified on the Water Rationing Zone map, but will continue to be
subject to the prohibition of spray irrigation during the daylight hours
between 11a.m. and 6 p.m.
Fairways: It shall be unlawful for golf courses to Spray Irrigate
Fairways.
All other Golf Course Features: It shall be unlawful for golf courses to
Spray Irrigate any other landscape features, such as roughs, trees,
shrubs, etc.
v. Nursery Plant Stock is exempt from the irrigation and landscape watering
restrictions of this subsection.
b. Car washes / Detail Shops:
i. It shall be unlawful to wash a vehicle at any location other than a
commercial car wash, car dealership, detail shop or automotive shop.
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ii. The washing of a vehicle for health and safety reasons, sufficient to
remove the hazard, is permitted any time.
iii. Washing a vehicle with a bucket, on the day to water or on the lawn while
watering, other than at a commercial car wash, car dealership, detail shop
or automotive shop, is prohibited.
iv. Fundraising car washes are prohibited.
v. All self-serve and full-service carwashes and detail shops will be required
to close the car washing portion of their business on one day each week.
The scheduled day of closure shall coincide with the day that car wash is
allowed to irrigate, in accordance with the Water Rationing Zone map.
vi.. It shall be unlawful for a car wash or detail shop to use a nozzle that
discharges more than 3.0 gallons per minute.
vii. It shall be unlawful for a car wash to wash any of its bays with water,
except on Sundays.
c. Car Dealers / Fleets.
i. It shall be unlawful for a car dealer or an entity that maintains a fleet of
motor vehicles to wash its inventory of cars on any day other than the day
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the property is authorized to spray irrigate in accordance with the Water
Rationing Zone Map in effect.
ii. The washing of any vehicle in a fleet may take place only at a commercial
car wash or at a location owned by the fleet’s owner and that is used
solely for commercial uses.
iii. Fleets may not be washed at any location used for residential purposes.
iv. It is an affirmative defense to prosecution that if a car dealer or car rental is
preparing a car for pickup, it washed that vehicle (and only that vehicle)
on the day of pick up by the customer. Otherwise, all vehicles are
subject to (e)(3)c. above.
d. Restaurants / Bars / Clubs / School Cafeterias:
i. It shall be unlawful to provide drinking water to customers of restaurants,
bars, or clubs unless the customer requests such water.
ii. It shall be unlawful for a food establishment to thaw food with water. Food
must be thawed by another legal method, such Refrigeration or Cooking
Process.
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iii. It shall be unlawful for a food establishment to clean kitchen or food
handling areas with spray hoses.
e. Pools:
i. It shall be unlawful to operate a water feature on a Residential Pool,
including, but not limited to, fountains, waterfalls, descents, arcs, and slides.
ii. If repairing a pool, it shall only be drained to a level necessary to affect the
repair, and no further. Owners of pools that follow this restriction will be
allowed to re-fill their pool after the repair.
iii. Owners Operators of pools that are restricted from draining the pool once it
closed for the season.
f. Washing sidewalks, driveways, or concrete slabs: It shall be unlawful to wash
sidewalks, driveways, or concrete slabs unless an immediate health or safety
risk is present.
(4) During a Stage 3 Drought Emergency, the following surcharges will be applied to
all applicable accounts:
a. For Residential Water Meters;
$1.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$2.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
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$4.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
b. For Irrigation Water Meters;
$1.00 per CCF between 0 CCF and 10 CCF,
$2.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$4.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$8.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
5. Stage 4: Drought Disaster.
(1) The Director of Public Works shall declare a Stage 4 Drought Disaster when the
levels of Lakes Arrowhead and Kickapoo reach a combined capacity of 30 percent.
(2) The following actions shall occur under the direction of the Director of
Public Works, with the goal of reducing the amount of potable water being provided
by the City to less than 17 MGD:
a. Impose further mandatory restrictions on non-essential uses of water and
essential uses of water.
b. Pull Hydrant Meters and suspend service thereon until conditions return to
a Drought Emergency status.
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c. Continue the aggressive public relations and education program.
(3) In Stage 4 drought, the following restrictions shall apply:
a. Irrigation:
i. Irrigation Prohibited. It shall be unlawful to utilize any type of irrigation
using potable water produced by the City of Wichita Falls that is distributed
through the City’s distribution system on any day at any time. This restriction
includes all forms of irrigation, including, spray, bubbler, drip, hand-watering,
etc.
ii. Public and Private Golf Courses. It shall be unlawful to irrigate any and all
vegetated landscape areas on the golf course including greens, tee boxes,
fairways, roughs, trees, shrubs, etc.. Golf Courses will be allowed to utilize
the remaining water within their pond system, as they see fit; but, will not be
allowed to refill the ponds from the City system, while in a Stage 4 Drought
Disaster.
iii. Nursery Plant Stock. Nursery Plant Stock is exempt from the irrigation
and landscape watering restrictions of this subsection.
b. Car washes / Detail Shops:
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i. It shall be unlawful to wash a vehicle at any location other than a
commercial car wash, car dealership, detail shop or automotive shop.
ii. The washing of a vehicle for health and safety reasons, sufficient to
remove the hazard, is permitted any time.
iii. Washing a vehicle with a bucket, on the day to water or on the lawn while
watering, other than at a commercial car wash, car dealership, detail shop or
automotive shop, is prohibited.
iv. Fundraising car washes are prohibited.
v. All self-serve and full-service carwashes and detail shops will be required
to close the car washing portion of their business on one day each week. The
scheduled day of closure shall coincide with the day that car wash is allowed
to spray irrigate, in accordance with the Water Rationing Zone map.
vi.. It shall be unlawful for a car wash or detail shop to use a nozzle that
discharges more than 3.0 gallons per minute.
vii. It shall be unlawful for a car wash to wash any of its bays with water, except on
Sundays.
c. Car Dealers / Fleets.
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i. It shall be unlawful for a car dealer or an entity that maintains a fleet of
vehicles to wash its inventory of cars on any day other than the day the
property was authorized to Spray Irrigate in accordance with the Water
Rationing Zone Map.
ii. The washing of any vehicle in a fleet may take place only at a commercial car
wash or at a location owned by the fleet’s owner and that is used solely for
commercial uses.
iii. Fleets may not be washed at any location used for residential purposes.
iv. It is an affirmative defense to prosecution that if a car dealer or car rental is
preparing a car for pickup, it washed that vehicle (and only that vehicle) on the
day of pick up by the customer. Otherwise, all vehicles are subject to (f)(3)c.
above.
d. Restaurants / Bars / Clubs / School Cafeterias:
i. It shall be unlawful to provide drinking water to customers of restaurants,
bars, or clubs unless the customer requests such water.
ii. It shall be unlawful for a food establishment to thaw food with water. Food
must be thawed by another legal method, such as Refrigeration or Cooking
Process.
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iii. It shall be unlawful for a food establishment to clean kitchen or food
handling areas with spray hoses.
e. Pools:
i. It shall be unlawful to operate a water feature on a Residential Pool, including,
but not limited to, fountains, waterfalls, descents, arcs, and slides.
ii. If repairing a pool, it shall only be drained to a level necessary to affect the
repair, and no further. Owners of pools that follow this restriction will be
allowed to re-fill their pool after the repair.
iii. Owners / Operators of pools are restricted from draining the pool once it
closed for the season.
f. Large Industries
i. Large Industries will be notified by the City to initiate a Water Audit of their
facilities.
ii. The Water Audit will include where water is being used within the facilities
and where reductions in water usage can be made.
iii. Large Industries will have 60 days to conduct the Water Audit and submit a
written report to the Director of Public Works detailing the findings of the
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Water Audit and the percent reduction in water consumption that can be
achieved.
iv. Each Large Industry will be required to have all internal modifications to
implement the water reduction completed and functioning by the time a
Combined Lake Level of 20% is reached.
g. Watering Structures
i. The watering of Home Foundations is restricted to once a week, on the day
the property was authorized to irrigate in accordance with the Water
Rationing Zone Map.
Foundations may only be watered between the hours of 8:00 p.m.
and 12:00 a.m. (midnight).
Foundations may only be watered with Soaker Hoses.
ii. It shall be unlawful to wash sidewalks, driveways, concrete slabs, any
structure or any part of a structure during Stage 4 restrictions.
(4) During a Stage 4 Drought Disaster the following surcharges will be applied to all
applicable accounts:
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a. For Residential Water Meters;
$3.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$6.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$12.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
b. For Irrigation Water Meters;
$3.00 per CCF between 0 CCF and 10 CCF,
$6.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$12.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$24.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
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6. Stage 5: Drought Catastrophe.
(1) The Director of Public Works shall declare a Stage 5 Drought Catastrophe
when the levels of Lakes Arrowhead and Kickapoo reach a combined capacity of 25
percent.
(2) The following actions shall occur under the direction of the Director of
Public Works, with the goal of reducing the amount of potable water being provided
by the City to less than 14 MGD:
a. Impose further mandatory restrictions on non-essential uses of water and
essential uses of water.
b. Continue the aggressive public relations and education program.
(3) In Stage 5 drought, the following restrictions shall apply:
a. Irrigation:
i. Irrigation Prohibited. It shall be unlawful to utilize any type of irrigation using
potable water produced by the City of Wichita Falls that is distributed through
the City’s distribution system on any day at any time. This restriction includes
all forms of irrigation, including, spray, bubbler, drip, hand-watering, etc.
ii. Public and Private Golf Courses. It shall be unlawful to irrigate any and all
vegetated landscape areas on the golf course including greens, tee boxes,
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fairways, roughs, trees, shrubs, etc. The Golf Courses will be allowed to utilize
the remaining water within their pond system, as they see fit; but, will not be
allowed to refill the ponds from the City system, while in a Stage 5 Drought
Disaster.
iii. Nursery Plant Stock. Nursery Plant Stock is exempt from the irrigation and
landscape watering restrictions of this subsection.
b. Washing Cars when Lakes Arrowhead & Kickapoo are between 20% and 25%:
i. Location of Washing Cars Limited to Reduce Runoff. It shall be unlawful for
any person to wash a vehicle at any location other than a commercial car
wash, car dealership, detail shop, automotive shop, or commercial property
that is owned by the owner of a Fleet of vehicles.
a. It shall be an affirmative defense to prosecution pursuant to this
subsection i. that a person was washing a vehicle for health and safety
reasons, only to an extent sufficient to remove the hazard, is permitted
any time.
b. It shall be an affirmative defense to prosecution pursuant to this
subsection i. that a car dealer or car rental company was preparing a
vehicle for pickup and washed that vehicle on the day of pick up by the
customer.
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ii. Allowable Times for Washing Vehicles Limited to Reduce Evaporation. It shall
be unlawful for any person to use potable water to wash a vehicle at any time
on Sunday or Monday.
iii. Nozzles. It shall be unlawful for any car wash or detail shop to use a nozzle
that discharges more than 3.0 gallons per minute.
iv. Bays. It shall be unlawful for a car wash to wash any of its bays with water,
except on Fridays.
c. Washing vehicles when Lakes Arrowhead and Kickapoo are below 20%: It shall
be unlawful for any person to use potable water to wash a vehicle at any time when
the levels of Lakes Arrowhead and Kickapoo are at a combined capacity of less than
20%.
d. Restaurants / Bars / Clubs / School Cafeterias:
i. It shall be unlawful to provide drinking water to customers of restaurants,
bars, or clubs unless the customer requests such water.
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ii. It shall be unlawful for a food establishment to thaw food with water. Food
must be thawed by another legal method, such as Refrigeration or Cooking
Process.
iii. It shall be unlawful for a food establishment to clean kitchen or food
handling areas with spray hoses.
e. Pools:
i. It shall be unlawful to operate a water feature on any pool, including, but not
limited to, fountains, water falls, descents, arcs, and slides.
ii. It shall be unlawful to fill, refill or add potable water to a private or public
swimming or wading pool that is not located entirely within a fully-enclosed,
climate-controlled structure.
iii. Indoor pools are exempt from the restrictions of (g)(3)e.
f. Watering Structures:
i. The watering of Home Foundations is restricted to once a week, on the day
the property was authorized to irrigate in accordance with the Water Rationing
Zone Map.
a. Foundations may only be watered between the hours of 8:00 p.m.
and 12:00 a.m. (midnight).
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b. Foundations may only be watered with Soaker Hoses.
ii. It shall be unlawful to wash sidewalks, driveways, concrete slabs, any
structure or any part of a structure.
(4) During a Stage 5 Drought Catastrophe the following surcharges will be applied to
all applicable accounts:
a. For Residential Water Meters;
$6.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$12.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$24.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
b. For Irrigation Water Meters;
$6.00 per CCF between 0 CCF and 10 CCF,
$12.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$24.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$48.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
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E. System Priorities
During the planning portions of Stages 2, 3, 4 & 5 the following system priorities will be
established and utilized in decision making processes during drought conditions. Those users
with the highest priority will be the last to have their water use restricted. The system priority is
as follows:
1. Hospitals and essential Health Care Facilities
2. Residential
3. Educational Institutions (Schools, Colleges, Universities, etc.)
4. Industrial
5. Commercial
6. Irrigation
7. Recreational
F. Initiation and Termination of Drought Stages
The Director of Public Works shall declare that each “trigger level” has been reached and that
the water use restrictions for each respective stage are in effect. The water restrictions will
remain in effect until the lakes fill to a level that when combined with the long-term forecast,
assures the City an adequate supply of water.
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Once an adequate supply of water is available, the City Council, by majority vote, and after
consultation with the Director of Publics Works, shall announce the end to each respective
stage of the restrictions.
G. Goals for Use Reduction
The goals for water use reduction vary according to the stage of the drought condition and have
been detailed in Section VI – D, above.
If circumstances warrant, the City Manager or his/her official designee can set a goal for greater
water use reduction.
H. Procedures for Granting Variances/Exemptions
There are exemptions/variances from water restrictions provided for in the City’s Code of
Ordinances (see Appendix 11). These exemptions primarily apply to the commercial
home building for the installation of new yards. To qualify for the waiver, a new yard is defined
as turf (not trees, shrubs or flowers) that has been installed within the last 60 days.
The applicant must follow a permitting process that includes;
1. Making application to the City Public Works Department (see Appendix 14).
2. Pay a $50.00 non-refundable fee.
3. Agree to pay a water rate three (3) times the normal rate.
4. Display the brightly colored permit in a location that is easily seen from the street.
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Permitees are still bound by certain requirements to assist in water conservation, such as;
a. The irrigation cannot occur between 11am and 6pm.
Patrolling employees are provided a list of permits, so they are not issued a citation for
restricted water usage.
I. Procedures for Enforcement
Adoption of the Plan and Drought Contingency Ordinance has enabled the City to implement
and carry out enforcement of enacted ordinances to make the Plan effective and workable. The
Ordinance adopting the Water Conservation Plan/Drought Contingency Plan and the Ordinance
allowing for enforcement of the Plan are included in Appendix 11. Users of City water who do
not comply with the requirements of the drought contingency measures will be subject to a
penalty and fine as described in the City Code of Ordinances for each day of non-compliance.
These users will also be subject to disconnection or discontinuance of City water services.
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VII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
The demand for water, as for other natural resources, has grown substantially. The per capita
consumption in the City of Wichita Falls has doubled in the past fifty years. This increase,
coupled with the increase in population and sales to local towns and communities, has required
the construction of new lakes, water treatment plants, water distribution systems, elevated and
ground storage tanks, wastewater collection lines, and wastewater treatment plants. The
construction of water and wastewater facilities becomes more and more expensive each year
as federal and state regulatory agencies increase the standards of performance of all of the
facilities involved. These increased standards require increasingly expensive technology,
maintenance and operation.
The City of Wichita Falls is fortunate that it has enough water to meet current demands and
reasonable future demands. Nonetheless, the natural resource and various facilities necessary
to produce high quality water are finite and expensive. It is in the interest of each citizen that all
of these resources be managed and used as efficiently as possible.
Conservation makes sense. This Water Conservation & Drought Contingency Plan contains
programs that can slow or even halt the growth of the per capita consumption of water, reduce
the waste of water, and make better use of the water resources available to the citizens, and at
the same time, allow the City to continue to progress in important projects of beautification and
industrial development to improve the overall quality of life of its citizens.
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APPENDIX 1
TEXAS COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY RULES
ON WATER CONSERVATION PLANS FOR MUNICIPAL USES
BY PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIERS
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
Chapter 288 - Water Conservation Plans,
Drought Contingency Plans, Guidelines and Requirements
SUBCHAPTER A: WATER CONSERVATION PLANS
§§288.1 - 288.7
Effective December 6, 2012
§288.2. Water Conservation Plans for Municipal Uses by Public Water Suppliers.
(a) A water conservation plan for municipal water use by public water suppliers must provide information
in response to the following. If the plan does not provide information for each requirement, the public water
supplier shall include in the plan an explanation of why the requirement is not applicable.
(1) Minimum requirements. All water conservation plans for municipal uses by public water
suppliers must include the following elements:
(A) a utility profile in accordance with the Texas Water Use Methodology, including, but
not limited to, information regarding population and customer data, water use data (including total
gallons per capita per day (GPCD) and residential GPCD), water supply system data, and
wastewater system data;
(B) a record management system which allows for the classification of water sales and
uses into the most detailed level of water use data currently available to it, including, if possible,
the sectors listed in clauses (i) - (vi) of this subparagraph.
Any new billing system purchased by a public water supplier must be capable of reporting detailed water use data
as described in clauses (i) - (vi) of this subparagraph;
(i) residential;
(I) single family;
(II) multi-family;
(ii) commercial;
(iii) institutional;
(iv) industrial;
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(v) agricultural; and,
(vi) wholesale.
(C) specific, quantified five-year and ten-year targets for water savings to include goals for
water loss programs and goals for municipal use in total GPCD and residential GPCD. The goals
established by a public water supplier under this subparagraph are not enforceable;
(D) metering device(s), within an accuracy of plus or minus 5.0% in order to measure and
account for the amount of water diverted from the source of supply;
(E) a program for universal metering of both customer and public uses of water, for meter
testing and repair, and for periodic meter replacement;
(F) measures to determine and control water loss (for example, periodic visual inspections
along distribution lines; annual or monthly audit of the water system to determine illegal
connections; abandoned services; etc.);
(G) a program of continuing public education and information regarding water
conservation;
(H) a water rate structure which is not "promotional," i.e., a rate structure which is cost-
based and which does not encourage the excessive use of water;
(I) a reservoir systems operations plan, if applicable, providing for the coordinated
operation of reservoirs owned by the applicant within a common watershed or river basin in order
to optimize available water supplies; and
(J) a means of implementation and enforcement which shall be evidenced by:
(i) a copy of the ordinance, resolution, or tariff indicating official adoption of the
water conservation plan by the water supplier; and
(ii) a description of the authority by which the water supplier will implement and
enforce the conservation plan; and
(K) documentation of coordination with the regional water planning groups for the service
area of the public water supplier in order to ensure consistency with the appropriate approved
regional water plans.
(2) Additional content requirements. Water conservation plans for municipal uses by public
drinking water suppliers serving a current population of 5,000 or more and/or a projected population of
5,000 or more within the next ten years subsequent to the effective date of the plan must include the
following elements:
(A) a program of leak detection, repair, and water loss accounting for the water
transmission, delivery, and distribution system;
(B) a requirement in every wholesale water supply contract entered into or renewed after
official adoption of the plan (by either ordinance, resolution, or tariff), and including any contract
extension, that each successive wholesale customer develop and implement a water conservation
plan or water conservation measures using the applicable elements in this chapter. If the customer
intends to resell the water, the contract between the initial supplier and customer must provide that
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the contract for the resale of the water must have water conservation requirements so that each
successive customer in the resale of the water will be required to implement water conservation
measures in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.
(3) Additional conservation strategies. Any combination of the following strategies shall be
selected by the water supplier, in addition to the minimum requirements in paragraphs (1) and (2) of this
subsection, if they are necessary to achieve the stated water conservation goals of the plan. The
commission may require that any of the following strategies be implemented by the water supplier if the
commission determines that the strategy is necessary to achieve the goals of the water conservation plan:
(A) conservation-oriented water rates and water rate structures such as uniform or
increasing block rate schedules, and/or seasonal rates, but not flat rate or decreasing block rates;
(B) adoption of ordinances, plumbing codes, and/or rules requiring water-conserving
plumbing fixtures to be installed in new structures and existing structures undergoing substantial
modification or addition;
(C) a program for the replacement or retrofit of water-conserving plumbing fixtures in
existing structures;
(D) reuse and/or recycling of wastewater and/or graywater;
(E) a program for pressure control and/or reduction in the distribution system and/or for
customer connections;
(F) a program and/or ordinance(s) for landscape water management;
(G) a method for monitoring the effectiveness and efficiency of the water conservation
plan; and
(H) any other water conservation practice, method, or technique which the water supplier
shows to be appropriate for achieving the stated goal or goals of the water conservation plan.
(b) A water conservation plan prepared in accordance with 31 TAC §363.15 (relating to Required Water
Conservation Plan) of the Texas Water Development Board and substantially meeting the requirements of this
section and other applicable commission rules may be submitted to meet application requirements in accordance
with a memorandum of understanding between the commission and the Texas Water Development Board.
c) A public water supplier for municipal use shall review and update its water conservation plan, as
appropriate, based on an assessment of previous five-year and ten-year targets and any other new or updated
information. The public water supplier for municipal use shall review and update the next revision of its water
conservation plan every five years to coincide with the regional water planning group.
Adopted November 14, 2012 Effective December 6, 2012
APPENDIX 2
90
TEXAS COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY RULES
ON WATER CONSERVATION PLANS FOR INDUSTRIAL/MINING
WATER SUPPLIERS
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
Chapter 288 - Water Conservation Plans,
Drought Contingency Plans, Guidelines and Requirements
SUBCHAPTER A: WATER CONSERVATION PLANS
§§288.1 - 288.7
Effective December 6, 2012
(a) A water conservation plan for industrial or mining uses of water must provide information in response
to each of the following elements. If the plan does not provide information for each requirement, the industrial or
mining water user shall include in the plan an explanation of why the requirement is not applicable.
(1) a description of the use of the water in the production process, including how the water is
diverted and transported from the source(s) of supply, how the water is utilized in the production process,
and the estimated quantity of water consumed in the production process and therefore unavailable for
reuse, discharge, or other means of disposal;
(2) specific, quantified five-year and ten-year targets for water savings and the basis for the
development of such goals. The goals established by industrial or mining water users under this paragraph
are not enforceable;
(3) a description of the device(s) and/or method(s) within an accuracy of plus or minus 5.0% to be
used in order to measure and account for the amount of water diverted from the source of supply;
(4) leak-detection, repair, and accounting for water loss in the water distribution system;
(5) application of state-of-the-art equipment and/or process modifications to improve water use
efficiency; and
(6) any other water conservation practice, method, or technique which the user shows to be
appropriate for achieving the stated goal or goals of the water conservation plan.
(b) An industrial or mining water user shall review and update its water conservation pan, as appropriate,
based on an assessment of previous five-year and ten-year targets and any other new or updated information. The
industrial or mining water user shall review and update the next revision of its water conservation plan every five
years to coincide with the regional water planning group.
APPENDIX 3
91
TEXAS COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
FORM 10218
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
APPENDIX 4
WATER RESOURCES MAP
102
103
APPENDIX 5
WHOLESALE WATER CUSTOMERS
Wholesale Water Customers
104
Customer Name TWO TWT RWO RWT
Sheppard Air Force Base X X
Archer County MUD #1 X
City of Burkburnett X
Dean Dale Special Utility District X
Friberg-Cooper WSC X
City of Holliday X
City of Iowa Park X X
City of Lakeside City X
Town of Pleasant Valley X
City of Scotland X
City of Olney X
Red River Authority X
City of Archer City X
Wichita Valley WSC X X
Windthorst WSC X
RWO – Raw Water Only
RWT – Raw Water Transmitted
TWO – Treated Water Only
TWT – Treated Water Transmitted
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APPENDIX 6
REGIONAL COORDINATION DOCUMENTS
106
107
APPENDIX 7
TEXAS WATER CODE
§ 11.039
Texas Water Code Section 11.039
108
§ 11.039. DISTRIBUTION OF WATER DURING SHORTAGE.
(a) If a shortage of water in a water supply not covered by a water conservation plan prepared in
compliance with Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission or Texas Water Development
Board rules results from drought, accident, or other cause, the water to be distributed shall be divided
among all customers pro rata, according to the amount each may be entitled to, so that preference is
given to no one and everyone suffers alike.
(b) If a shortage of water in a water supply covered by a water conservation plan prepared in
compliance with Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission or Texas Water Development
Board rules results from drought, accident, or other cause, the person, association of persons, or
corporation owning or controlling the water shall divide the water to be distributed among all
customers pro rata, according to:
(1) the amount of water to which each customer may be entitled; or
(2) the amount of water to which each customer may be entitled, less the amount of water the
customer would have saved if the customer had operated its water system in compliance with the water
conservation plan.
(c) Nothing in Subsection (a) or (b) precludes the person, association of persons, or corporation owning or
controlling the water from supplying water to a person who has a prior vested right to the water under the laws of
this state.
Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., p. 2207, ch. 870, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1977; Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 1126, § 1,
eff. June 15, 2001.
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APPENDIX 8
TEXAS COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
FORM 10213
110
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
INDUSTRIAL/MINING WATER CONSERVATION PLAN
This form is provided to assist entities in conservation plan development for industrial/mining water use. If you need
assistance in completing this form or in developing your plan, please contact the conservation staff of the Resource Protection
Team in the Water Availability Division at (512) 239-4691.
Name: City of Wichita Falls
Address: P.O. Box 1431
Telephone Number: (940) -6911153 Fax: (940) -6914121
Form Completed by: Daniel K. Nix
Title: Utilities Opertions Manager
Signature: Date:5/9/2014
NOTE: If the plan does not provide information for each requirement, include an explanation of why the
requirement is not applicable.
I. BACKGROUND DATA
A. Water Use
1. Annual diversion appropriated or requested (in acre-feet): 1,200 acre feet per annum
2. Maximum diversion rate (cfs):
B. Water Sources
1. Please indicate the maximum or average annual amounts of water currently used and
anticipated to be used (in acre-feet) for industrial/mining purposes:
Source
Water Right
No.(s) Current Use
Anticipated
Use
Surface Water
02-5144,
02-5150
0.0 1,200
Groundwater
Purchased
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Total 0.0 1,200
2. How was the surface water data and/or groundwater data provided above (B1)
obtained?
Master meter ; Customer meter Yes.; Estimated ; Other No water was
diverted since 2011, so there was no metering involved.
3. Was purchased water raw or treated?
If both, % raw N/A; % treated and Supplier(s):
C. Industrial/Mining Information
1. Major product(s) or service(s) produced by applicant: Oilfield Exploration
2. North American Industry Classification System (NAICS):
211111
II. WATER USE AND CONSERVATION PRACTICES
A. Water Use in Industrial or Mining Processes
Production Use
%
Groundwater
% Surface
Water
% Saline
Water
% Treated
Water
Water Use
(in acre-
ft.)
Cooling,
condensing, &
refrigeration
Processing,
washing,
transport
Boiler feed
Incorporated
into product
Other
0
100
0
0
1,200
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Facility Use
%
Groundwater
% Surface
Water
% Saline
Water
% Treated
Water
Water Use
(in acre-
ft.)
Cooling tower(s
Pond(s)
Once through
Sanitary &
drinking water
Irrigation &
dust control
1. Was fresh water recirculated at this facility? Yes No
2. Provide a detailed description of how the water will be utilized in the industrial or mining
process.
Production of natural gas with fracing operations.
3. Estimate the quantity of water consumed in production and mining processes and is
therefore unavailable for reuse, discharge or other means of disposal.
N/A
4. Monthly water demand for previous year (in acre-feet).
Month
Diversion
Amount
% of Water
Returned (If Any)
Monthly Demand
January 0 0 0
February 0 0 0
March 0 0 0
April 0 0 0
May 0 0 0
June 0 0 0
July 0 0 0
August 0 0 0
September 0 0 0
October 0 0 0
November 0 0 0
December 0 0 0
Totals 0 0 0
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5. Projected monthly water demand for next year (in acre-feet).
Month
Diversion
Amount
% of Water
Returned
Monthly Demand
January 0 0 0
February 0 0 0
March 0 0 0
April 0 0 0
May 0 0 0
June 0 0 0
July 0 0 0
August 0 0 0
September 0 0 0
October 0 0 0
November 0 0 0
December 0 0 0
Totals 0 0 0
B. Specific and Quantified Conservation Goal
Water conservation goals for the industrial and mining sector are generally established either for
(1) the amount of water recycled, (2) the amount of water reused, or (3) the amount of water not
lost or consumed, and therefore is available for return flow.
1. Water conservation goal (water use efficiency measure)
Type of goal(s):
X % reused water
% of water not consumed and therefore returned
Other (specify)
2. Provide specific and quantified five-year and ten-year targets for water savings and the
basis for development of such goals for this water use/facility.
2.5% by 2019
5.0% by 2024
3. Describe the methods and/or device(s) within an accuracy of plus or minus 5% used to
measure and account for the amount of water diverted from the supply source.
Mechanical or Doopler meters will be used to measure flow within the required accuracy
range. This will ensure adequate accounting of diversions.
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4. Provide a description of the leak-detection and repair, and water-loss accounting
measures used.
The City has a standard policy for leak detection and water loss accounting. This policy
is part of the municiapl conservation plan and implementation of same. The City will utilize these
same policies as it manages diversions of raw water for industrial pruposes.
5. Equipment and/or process modifications used to improve water use efficiency.
Industrial users will be encouraged to reclaim and reuse water.
6. Other water conservation techniques used.
Education and outreach related to conservation and the efficient use of water resources.
Best Management Practices
The Texas Water Developmental Board’s (TWDB) Report 362 is the Water Conservation Best
Management Practices (BMP) guide. The BMP Guide is a voluntary list of management practices that
water users may implement in addition to the required components of Title 30, Texas Administrative
Code, Chapter 288. The Best Management Practices Guide broken out by sector, including Agriculture,
Commercial, and Institutional, Industrial, Municipal and Wholesale along with any new or revised BMP’s
can be found at the following link on the Texas Water Developments Board’s website:
http://www.twdb.state.tx.us/conservation/bmps/index.asp
Individuals are entitled to request and review their personal information that the agency gathers on its
forms. They may also have any errors in their information corrected. To review such information,
contact 512-239-3282.
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APPENDIX 9
TEXAS COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY RULES
ON DROUGHT CONTINGENCY PLANS FOR MUNICIPAL USES
BY PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIERS
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
116
Chapter 288 - Water Conservation Plans,
Drought Contingency Plans, Guidelines and Requirements
SUBCHAPTER B: DROUGHT CONTINGENCY PLANS
§288.20 - 288.22
Effective October 7, 2004
§288.20. Drought Contingency Plans for Municipal Uses by Public Water Suppliers.
(a) A drought contingency plan for a retail public water supplier, where applicable, must include
the following minimum elements.
(1) Minimum requirements. Drought contingency plans must include the following
minimum elements.
(A) Preparation of the plan shall include provisions to actively inform the public
and affirmatively provide opportunity for public input. Such acts may include, but are not
limited to, having a public meeting at a time and location convenient to the public and
providing written notice to the public concerning the proposed plan and meeting.
(B) Provisions shall be made for a program of continuing public education and
information regarding the drought contingency plan.
(C) The drought contingency plan must document coordination with the regional
water planning groups for the service area of the retail public water supplier to ensure
consistency with the appropriate approved regional water plans.
(D) The drought contingency plan must include a description of the information to
be monitored by the water supplier, and specific criteria for the initiation and termination
of drought response stages, accompanied by an explanation of the rationale or basis for
such triggering criteria.
(E) The drought contingency plan must include drought or emergency response
stages providing for the implementation of measures in response to at least the following
situations:
(i) reduction in available water supply up to a repeat of the drought of
record;
(ii) water production or distribution system limitations;
(iii) supply source contamination; or
(iv) system outage due to the failure or damage of major water system
components (e.g., pumps).
(F) The drought contingency plan must include specific, quantified targets for
water use reductions to be achieved during periods of water shortage and drought. The
entity preparing the plan shall establish the targets. The goals established by the entity
under this subparagraph are not enforceable.
(G) The drought contingency plan must include the specific water supply or water
demand management measures to be implemented during each stage of the plan including,
but not limited to, the following:
(i) curtailment of non-essential water uses; and
(ii) utilization of alternative water sources and/or alternative delivery
mechanisms with the prior approval of the executive director as appropriate (e.g.,
interconnection with another water system, temporary use of a non-municipal
water supply, use of reclaimed water for non-potable purposes, etc.).
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(H) The drought contingency plan must include the procedures to be followed for
the initiation or termination of each drought response stage, including procedures for
notification of the public.
(I) The drought contingency plan must include procedures for granting variances
to the plan.
(J) The drought contingency plan must include procedures for the enforcement of
mandatory water use restrictions, including specification of penalties (e.g., fines, water
rate surcharges, discontinuation of service) for violations of such restrictions.
(2) Privately-owned water utilities. Privately-owned water utilities shall prepare a drought
contingency plan in accordance with this section and incorporate such plan into their tariff.
(3) Wholesale water customers. Any water supplier that receives all or a portion of its
water supply from another water supplier shall consult with that supplier and shall include in the
drought contingency plan appropriate provisions for responding to reductions in that water
supply.
(b) A wholesale or retail water supplier shall notify the executive director within five business
days of the implementation of any mandatory provisions of the drought contingency plan.
(c) The retail public water supplier shall review and update, as appropriate, the drought
contingency plan, at least every five years, based on new or updated information, such as the adoption or
revision of the regional water plan.
Adopted September 15, 2004 Effective October 7, 2004
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APPENDIX 10
RESTRICTION PROGRAM FOR OUTDOOR WATER USE
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Restriction Program for Outdoor Water Uses
A. Introduction and Background
A water utility is susceptible to both temporary and long-term interruptions and reductions of water service to its customer.
The utility cannot always prevent those interruptions that are mechanical, however those occurring because of a reduction of
water resources can be controlled. A major component of this will be the control of outdoor water use. The City of Wichita
Falls has a program in place that was initially developed during the high demand summer of 1986 and revised during the
1995-2000 drought, as well as the current drought of 2011-2014. A brief outline of the City’s procedures is included in
Appendix 11.
B. Legal Basis
The Code of Ordinances of the City of Wichita Falls provides the legal basis for the restrictions on the use of water. Section
106-186 of the Code is provided in Appendix 11.
C. Restrictions and Considerations
The type of restrictions on outdoor water use will depend whether the objective is to reduce the peak demand or to reduce the
overall use of water. The City of Wichita Falls has opted not to use an alternate day or an “odd/even” system of restrictions.
Historical data has shown that both peak demands and overall water use may increase using these types of systems.
The City has opted to create a once a week outdoor watering schedule by logically dividing the City into 5 zones. A map of
the watering zones is included in Appendix 12. Watering is allowed Monday through Friday dependent upon the zone that the
residence or business is located. No outdoor watering is allowed on Saturday or Sunday, except those uses allowed by the
Code of Ordinances.
If necessary, the City of Wichita Falls can adopt stricter requirements to meet the requirements of a particular situation. These
may include limiting the overall water use of the customer.
D. Public Information
Anytime restrictions are implemented, City staff will use all avenues available to them to provide pertinent information to the
citizens. The primary conduit for this information is the City of Wichita Falls Public Information Office. All Press Releases
and Conferences are coordinated with the Public Information Office. In addition, extensive use of the City’s cable access
channel and social media sights are utilized. City staff can be interviewed and that information disseminated to the public
through these invaluable media resources.
E. Enforcement of Restrictions
The City does not use sworn peace officers for the enforcement of any restrictions. The City uses trained regular employees
for this purpose. It is also possible for any citizen can file a complaint affidavit with the Municipal Court. City employees are
used to file legal complaints on any person found violating the restrictions.
The employees patrol the areas that are not allowed to have outside watering based on the previously mentioned watering
zone map. The employee, if witnessing a violation, takes photographs of the offense, prepares a probably cause affidavit and
it is submitted to the Municipal Court. The occupant of the location of the violation is left a notification on their front door of
the infraction and that they will be contacted by Municipal Court. (see attached Notification Form). The employees are
trained to avoid confrontations with the customer.
Enforcement previously has been only as aggressive as necessary to achieve compliance. In cases, where a citizen calls and
reports a neighbors or business violation and the water patrol does not make to the address in time to witness the infraction,
the employee polite informs the customer that they were turned in by someone for violating the Ordinance and that they will
be monitored for future compliance.
F. Exemptions from Restrictions
There are exemptions provided for in the Code of Ordinances. These exemptions generally apply to the installation of new
turf. A permitting process for this is in place. (see Appendix 14)
Patrolling employees are provided a list of customers that have successfully applied for and received an exemption.
G. Management Controls
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Utilities management staff need to receive data to determine the effect of the restrictions and to allow adjustments if
necessary. Data analyzed may include pressure readings, production reports, billing reports, customer complaint reports and
citation reports.
H. Coordination
All of these activities are to be coordinated with :
City Manager’s Office
Public Works
Utility Collections
City Attorney’s Office
Municipal Court Prosecutor
Municipal Court Administrator
Public Information
I. Restrictions of Wholesale Customers
All of the City of Wichita Falls wholesale customers are notified in writing when the City begins any implementation of water
use restrictions. They are required by their contract with the City to comply with the goals of the City’s restrictions.
Periodically, through the restrictions, the wholesale customers are notified as to whether or not they are successfully attaining
the goals or if they are falling short of the goal. This constant feedback is critical to the wholesale customers being able know
if their conservation efforts are effective or if they need to be adjusted to achieve the desired conservation level.
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APPENDIX 11
CITY OF WICHITA FALLS
WATER CONSERVATION ORDINANCE
DIVISION 6. WATER CONSERVATION / DROUGHT CONTINGENCY
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Sec. 106-185. Definitions.
Unless otherwise expressly stated or the context clearly indicates a different intention, the following terms shall, for the
purpose of this article, have the meanings indicated in this section:
Automatic Sprinkler System -- a system of irrigation components made up of permanently installed underground PVC lines
and spray irrigation devices that are controlled from an automatic irrigation controller.
Car Wash – a place or business equipped for washing cars, trucks, motorbikes, boats, airplanes, other motor vehicles and
trailers.
Drip Irrigation -- a method of irrigation that applies water in a dropwise fashion directly to the soil beneath rather than
projecting the water in a stream away from its orifice. To be classified in this category, the maximum allowable flow is 6
gallons per hour per emitter.
Essential Water Use: water that is required by Federal, State or Local regulation and/or is attributed to the health and safety
of the citizens of Wichita Falls.
Fleet – A group of commercial motor vehicles owned by a single entity that totals more than 5 vehicles.
Hose-end sprinkler system -- a device on the end of a garden hose that can be set in place and can periodically be moved from
one location to another.
Indoor Pool –pool located entirely within a fully enclosed, climate controlled structure.
MGD: Million gallons per day
Non-Essential Water Use: water use that does not directly impact the health or safety of the citizens of Wichita Falls, or are a
requirement of a Federal, State or Local regulation.
Owner/Operator of a pool – Fee title holder of the property upon which the pool is located, and/or business manager, complex
manager, property owners, association manager, rental agent or other individual who is in charge of the day to day operation
or maintenance of the property.
Residential Pool – A pool that is located on private property under the control of the property owner or the owner’s tenant and
that is intended for use by not more than two residential families and their guests. It includes a pool serving only a single-
family home or duplex.
Soaker hose -- an irrigation device made of permeable rubber hose that allows water to be applied slowly and directly to the
soil without being sprayed up into the air. Soaker hoses fall into the drip irrigation category. A soaker hose will not spray
water regardless of its orientation.
Spa and/or Hot-Tub--a structure that is intended to be filled with water that circulates through an on-site filtration system and
is not intended to be drained or refilled after each use.
Spray Irrigate or Spray Irrigation -- a category of irrigation method that utilizes devices that spray water away from the
device orifice(s). These include, but are not limited to, pop-up sprays, rotors, oscillating sprinklers, and impact sprinklers. A
hand held hose is not Spray Irrigation.
Vehicle – A motor vehicle, car, truck, motorcycle, bicycle, boat, trailer, or other conveyance.
Sec. 106-186. Water shortage; authority of department.
(a) Water conservation restrictions effective at all times. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, corporation or other entity,
at any time of the year, to:
(1) run outside spray-type irrigation on any day of the week between 11:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. unless one is
using a hand-held hose, soaker hose, bucket, watering can, bubbler or drip irrigation system,
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(2) wash a vehicle at any location other than a commercial car wash, car dealership, detail shop or automotive
shop unless the hose is equipped with a nozzle that stops the flow of water through the hose when released
by the operator, or
(3) provide drinking water to customers of restaurants, bars, or clubs unless the customer requests such water.
(b) Discretionary drought restrictions. The Director of Public Works may declare any stage of drought restrictions described
in this ordinance to be effective if:
(1) the system demand exceeds 90% design treatment capacity for three or more consecutive days,
(2) the water supply system is unable to deliver water due to mechanical failure or damage of major water system
components which are expected to require more than 72 hours to repair, or
(3) the water system is contaminated either accidentally or intentionally, or the water system fails from acts of nature
or man.
The establishment of a discretionary drought restriction will be effective when publicized in the media and the filing of a
written declaration with the City Manager and City Clerk. Upon any declaration of such drought stage, it shall be unlawful for
a person to fail to comply with the restrictions applicable to that stage. The Director of Public Works may terminate any of the
aforementioned discretionary drought restrictions by filing a written notice of termination with the City Manager and City
Clerk.
(c) Stage 1 - Drought Watch
(1) The Director of Public Works shall declare a Stage 1 Drought Watch when the levels of Lakes Arrowhead and
Kickapoo reach a combined capacity of 60 percent.
(2) The following actions shall occur under the direction of the Director of Public Works, with the goal of reducing
the amount of water being used by 5%:
a. The City Council and other City Departments will be notified of the impending problem and the proposed
immediate and future actions.
b. The City shall initiate an education program through all available media to:
i. Alert the public to the depletion of the reservoirs; current rate of withdrawals and the effect of such
withdrawals; current treatment rates; current meteorological conditions; and the long-range weather
forecast from the National Weather Service.
ii. Alert the public to the drought management program, the various stages and measures, and the
possibility of implementation.
iii. Keep a constant flow of information to the public to condition them for more stringent measures.
c. Parks Department will reduce its watering schedule to twice per week.
d. The Public Works Department will coordinate with other departments on the structure of a program to
implement voluntary and non-voluntary water restrictions.
e. The Public Works Department will conduct training necessary to implement the water restriction
program.
f. The Public Works Department will prepare all administrative processes (forms, affidavits, maps, offices,
etc.) for the restriction program.
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(3) Near 50 Percent Capacity. When the levels near a combined capacity of 50 percent, the city shall mail a copy of
the Water Rationing Zone Map, with a cover letter describing the drought conditions, to each water account. Failure
to mail or receive such warning shall not be a defense to any crime, restriction, or charge established in this division.
(d) Stage 2 - Drought Warning.
(1) The Director of Public Works shall declare a Stage 2 Drought Warning when levels of Lakes Arrowhead and
Kickapoo reach a combined capacity of 50 percent.
(2) The following actions shall occur under the direction of the Director of Public Works, with the goal of reducing
the amount of water being used by 15%:
e. Form a Drought Emergency Task Force for guidance through the remainder of the drought and to interface
with the public.
f. Suspend all non-essential operational use of water by City of Wichita Falls, such as flushing water mains,
street sweeping, water jet cleaning of sanitary sewer mains, fire fighter training, etc.), except where such
use of water is critical to the health and safety of the citizens.
g. Parks Department will reduce watering to once per week or only enough water to support their trees,
whichever is less.
h. Notify all wholesale customers of the situation and inform them of the reduction goals for their systems in
accordance with their individual contracts with the City of Wichita Falls. Pro rata curtailment by
wholesale customers will be based upon their contractual limits as provided in Texas Water Code § 11.039.
(3) In Stage 2 drought, the following restrictions shall apply:
e. Irrigation:
viii. It shall be unlawful to run outside irrigation systems (including sprinklers, automatic
sprinkler systems and unattended hoses) except on the day of the week permitted for the area as
identified on the Water Rationing Zone Map. An official copy of the Water Rationing Zone Map
shall be kept on file in the office of the City Clerk.
ix. It shall be unlawful to utilize spray irrigation between the hours of 11:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m.
x. Landscape watering is permitted any day at any time with a hand-held hose, soaker hose, bucket
(five gallons or less), watering can, bubbler or drip irrigation system.
xi. On days other than the day of the week permitted by the Water Rationing Zone Map, testing and
troubleshooting of irrigation systems that involve the release of water is permissible any time,
including between the hours of 11:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., as long as a licensed plumber or irrigator is
present on location during testing (and visible to the ticket writer). Testing and troubleshooting of
irrigation systems by other than a licensed plumber or irrigator that involves the release of water is
otherwise permissible only on the day of week and time of day permitted by the Water Rationing
Zone Map.
xii. New Landscape Waiver. A waiver of this subsection may be granted for the irrigation of new
landscaping plants whereby watering would be permitted to maintain adequate growth until the
plants are established but not to exceed a 30-day time period. Any person wishing such a waiver
must make application to the City Public Works Department and pay a $50.00 nonrefundable fee.
The applicant must agree to pay a water rate that is three times the normal rate for that customer for
all consumption over 10 CCF as registered by residential meters and all consumption as registered
by Irrigation meters or commercial meters.
xiii. Public and Private Golf Courses.
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Greens: Golf Courses may utilize Spray Irrigation on greens at any time for the purpose of
cooling golf course greens when warranted by weather conditions and only with run cycles of
less than 5 minutes every 60 minutes. Golf course greens are exempt from the Spray
Irrigation days established in (d) (3) a., and greens may be Spray Irrigated any day of the
week, but will be subject to the prohibition of spray irrigation during the daylight hours
between 11a.m. & 6 p.m..
Tee Boxes: It shall be unlawful for golf courses to Spray Irrigate Tee-Boxes, except on the
day of the week permitted for the area as identified on the Water Rationing Zone map, but
will be subject to the prohibition of spray irrigation during the daylight hours between 11a.m.
& 6 p.m.
Fairways: It shall be unlawful for golf courses to Spray Irrigate Fairways, except on the day
of the week permitted for the area as identified on the Water Rationing Zone map, , but will
be subject to the prohibition of spray irrigation during the daylight hours between 11a.m. & 6
p.m..
All other Golf Course Features: It shall be unlawful for golf courses to Spray Irrigate any
other landscape features, such as roughs, trees, shrubs, etc.
xiv. Nursery plant stock is exempt from the irrigation and landscape watering restrictions of this
subsection.
f. Car Washing:
v. It shall be unlawful to wash a vehicle at any location other than a commercial car wash, car
dealership, detail shop or automotive shop.
vi. The washing of a vehicle for health and safety reasons, sufficient to remove the hazard, is
permitted any time.
vii. Washing a vehicle with a bucket, on the day to water or on the lawn while watering, other than at a
commercial car wash, car dealership, detail shop or automotive shop, is prohibited.
viii. Fundraising car washes are prohibited.
g. Restaurants / Bars / Clubs / School Cafeterias. It shall be unlawful to provide drinking water to customers
of restaurants, bars, or clubs unless the customer requests such water.
h. Washing sidewalks, driveways, or concrete slabs: It shall be unlawful to wash sidewalks, driveways, or
concrete slabs unless an immediate health or safety risk is present.
(5) During a Stage 2 Drought Warning, the following surcharges will be applied to all applicable accounts:
c. For Residential Water Meters;
$0.50 per hundred cubic feet (CCF) between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$1.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$2.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
d. For Irrigation Water Meters;
$0.50 per CCF between 0 CCF and 10 CCF,
$1.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$2.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$4.00 for each CCF over 40 CCF.
(e) Stage 3 – Drought Emergency:
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(1) The Director of Public Works shall declare a Stage 3 Drought Emergency when the levels of Lakes Arrowhead
and Kickapoo reach a combined capacity of 40 percent.
(2) The following actions shall occur under the direction of the Director of Public Works, with the goal of reducing
the amount of water being used by 35%:
a. monitor all Fire Hydrant Meters that are for contractor use, to determine what conservation can be
achieved through this type of water usage,
b. specify and impose mandatory reductions on wholesale (raw & treated) water customers in accordance
with Texas Water Code § 11.039, and
c. begin establishing a program for a Drought Disaster, which will allow restriction on the essential uses of
water and prepare for implementation.
(3) In Stage 3 drought, the following restrictions shall apply:
g. Irrigation:
iii. It shall be unlawful to run outside irrigation systems (including sprinklers, automatic sprinkler
systems and unattended hoses) except on the day of the week permitted for the area as identified on
the Water Rationing Zone Map.
ii. It shall be unlawful to utilize spray irrigation during the day specified in (d)(4)a.i., except for the
following hours:
2:00 a.m. to 5 7:00 a.m. for Automatic Sprinkler Systems
8:00 p.m. to 12 midnight for Hose-End Sprinkler Systems
iii. It shall be unlawful to operate a soaker hose, bubbler or drip irrigation system in a manner that
causes the delivery of more water than the hose, bubbler, or system was intended by the
manufacturer to deliver.
vii. It shall be unlawful to operate a soaker hose, bubbler or drip irrigation system in a manner that
causes water to run down the curb.
viii. New Landscape Waiver: The Public Works Department will not issue any waivers during a Stage
3 Drought Emergency.
ix. Public and Private Golf Courses.
Greens: Golf Courses may utilize Spray Irrigation on greens at any time for the purpose of
cooling golf course greens when warranted by weather conditions and only with run cycles of
less than 5 minutes every 60 minutes. Golf course greens are exempt from the Spray Irrigation
times, and greens may be Spray Irrigated any day of the week, but will continue to be subject
to the prohibition of spray irrigation during the daylight hours between 11a.m. and 6 p.m..
Tee Boxes: It shall be unlawful for golf courses to Spray Irrigate Tee-Boxes, except on the
day of the week permitted for the area as identified on the Water Rationing Zone map, but will
continue to be subject to the prohibition of spray irrigation during the daylight hours between
11a.m. and 6 p.m.
Fairways: It shall be unlawful for golf courses to Spray Irrigate Fairways.
All other Golf Course Features: It shall be unlawful for golf courses to Spray Irrigate any
other landscape features, such as roughs, trees, shrubs, etc.
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v. Nursery Plant Stock is exempt from the irrigation and landscape watering restrictions of this
subsection.
h. Car washes / Detail Shops:
vi. It shall be unlawful to wash a vehicle at any location other than a commercial car wash, car
dealership, detail shop or automotive shop.
vii. The washing of a vehicle for health and safety reasons, sufficient to remove the hazard, is
permitted any time.
viii. Washing a vehicle with a bucket, on the day to water or on the lawn while watering, other
than at a commercial car wash, car dealership, detail shop or automotive shop, is prohibited.
ix. Fundraising car washes are prohibited.
x. All self-serve and full-service carwashes and detail shops will be required to close the car washing
portion of their business on one day each week. The scheduled day of closure shall coincide with
the day that car wash is allowed to irrigate, in accordance with the Water Rationing Zone map.
vi.. It shall be unlawful for a car wash or detail shop to use a nozzle that discharges more than 3.0
gallons per minute.
vii. It shall be unlawful for a car wash to wash any of its bays with water, except on Sundays.
i. Car Dealers / Fleets.
v. It shall be unlawful for a car dealer or an entity that maintains a fleet of motor vehicles to wash its
inventory of cars on any day other than the day the property is authorized to spray irrigate in
accordance with the Water Rationing Zone Map in effect.
vi. The washing of any vehicle in a fleet may take place only at a commercial car wash or at a location
owned by the fleet’s owner and that is used solely for commercial uses.
vii. Fleets may not be washed at any location used for residential purposes.
iv. It is an affirmative defense to prosecution that if a car dealer or car rental is preparing a car for
pickup, it washed that vehicle (and only that vehicle) on the day of pick up by the customer.
Otherwise, all vehicles are subject to (e)(3)c. above.
j. Restaurants / Bars / Clubs / School Cafeterias:
i. It shall be unlawful to provide drinking water to customers of restaurants, bars, or clubs unless the
customer requests such water.
iv. It shall be unlawful for a food establishment to thaw food with water. Food must be thawed by
another legal method, such Refrigeration or Cooking Process.
iii. It shall be unlawful for a food establishment to clean kitchen or food handling areas with spray
hoses.
k. Pools:
i. It shall be unlawful to operate a water feature on a Residential Pool, including, but not limited to,
fountains, waterfalls, descents, arcs, and slides.
ii. If repairing a pool, it shall only be drained to a level necessary to affect the repair, and no further.
Owners of pools that follow this restriction will be allowed to re-fill their pool after the repair.
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iii. Owners Operators of pools that are restricted from draining the pool once it closed for the season.
l. Washing sidewalks, driveways, or concrete slabs: It shall be unlawful to wash sidewalks, driveways, or
concrete slabs unless an immediate health or safety risk is present.
(5) During a Stage 3 Drought Emergency, the following surcharges will be applied to all applicable accounts:
a. For Residential Water Meters;
$1.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$2.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$4.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
b. For Irrigation Water Meters;
$1.00 per CCF between 0 CCF and 10 CCF,
$2.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$4.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$8.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
(f) Stage 4 - Drought Disaster
(1) The Director of Public Works shall declare a Stage 4 Drought Disaster when the levels of Lakes Arrowhead and
Kickapoo reach a combined capacity of 30 percent.
(2) The following actions shall occur under the direction of the Director of Public Works, with the goal of reducing
the amount of potable water being provided by the City to less than 17 MGD:
d. Impose further mandatory restrictions on non-essential uses of water and essential uses of water.
e. Pull Hydrant Meters and suspend service thereon until conditions return to a Drought Emergency status.
f. Continue the aggressive public relations and education program.
(3) In Stage 4 drought, the following restrictions shall apply:
g. Irrigation:
i. Irrigation Prohibited. It shall be unlawful to utilize any type of irrigation using potable water
produced by the City of Wichita Falls that is distributed through the City’s distribution system on
any day at any time. This restriction includes all forms of irrigation, including, spray, bubbler, drip,
hand-watering, etc.
ii. Public and Private Golf Courses. It shall be unlawful to irrigate any and all vegetated landscape
areas on the golf course including greens, tee boxes, fairways, roughs, trees, shrubs, etc.. Golf
Courses will be allowed to utilize the remaining water within their pond system, as they see fit; but,
will not be allowed to refill the ponds from the City system, while in a Stage 4 Drought Disaster.
iii. Nursery Plant Stock. Nursery Plant Stock is exempt from the irrigation and landscape watering
restrictions of this subsection.
h. Car washes / Detail Shops:
vi. It shall be unlawful to wash a vehicle at any location other than a commercial car wash, car
dealership, detail shop or automotive shop.
vii. The washing of a vehicle for health and safety reasons, sufficient to remove the hazard, is
permitted any time.
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viii. Washing a vehicle with a bucket, on the day to water or on the lawn while watering, other than at a
commercial car wash, car dealership, detail shop or automotive shop, is prohibited.
ix. Fundraising car washes are prohibited.
x. All self-serve and full-service carwashes and detail shops will be required to close the car washing
portion of their business on one day each week. The scheduled day of closure shall coincide with the
day that car wash is allowed to spray irrigate, in accordance with the Water Rationing Zone map.
vi.. It shall be unlawful for a car wash or detail shop to use a nozzle that discharges more than 3.0 gallons
per minute.
vii. It shall be unlawful for a car wash to wash any of its bays with water, except on Sundays.
i. Car Dealers / Fleets.
iv. It shall be unlawful for a car dealer or an entity that maintains a fleet of vehicles to wash its inventory
of cars on any day other than the day the property was authorized to Spray Irrigate in accordance with
the Water Rationing Zone Map.
v. The washing of any vehicle in a fleet may take place only at a commercial car wash or at a location
owned by the fleet’s owner and that is used solely for commercial uses.
vi. Fleets may not be washed at any location used for residential purposes.
iv. It is an affirmative defense to prosecution that if a car dealer or car rental is preparing a car for pickup, it
washed that vehicle (and only that vehicle) on the day of pick up by the customer. Otherwise, all
vehicles are subject to (f)(3)c. above.
j. Restaurants / Bars / Clubs / School Cafeterias:
i. It shall be unlawful to provide drinking water to customers of restaurants, bars, or clubs unless the
customer requests such water.
iii. It shall be unlawful for a food establishment to thaw food with water. Food must be thawed by
another legal method, such as Refrigeration or Cooking Process.
iii. It shall be unlawful for a food establishment to clean kitchen or food handling areas with spray
hoses.
k. Pools:
i. It shall be unlawful to operate a water feature on a Residential Pool, including, but not limited to,
fountains, waterfalls, descents, arcs, and slides.
ii. If repairing a pool, it shall only be drained to a level necessary to affect the repair, and no further.
Owners of pools that follow this restriction will be allowed to re-fill their pool after the repair.
iii. Owners / Operators of pools are restricted from draining the pool once it closed for the season.
l. Large Industries
i. Large Industries will be notified by the City to initiate a Water Audit of their facilities.
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ii. The Water Audit will include where water is being used within the facilities and where reductions in
water usage can be made.
iii. Large Industries will have 60 days to conduct the Water Audit and submit a written report to the
Director of Public Works detailing the findings of the Water Audit and the percent reduction in water
consumption that can be achieved.
iv. Each Large Industry will be required to have all internal modifications to implement the water
reduction completed and functioning by the time a Combined Lake Level of 20% is reached.
g. Watering Structures
ii. The watering of Home Foundations is restricted to once a week, on the day the property was
authorized to irrigate in accordance with the Water Rationing Zone Map.
Foundations may only be watered between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 12:00 a.m.
(midnight).
Foundations may only be watered with Soaker Hoses.
ii. It shall be unlawful to wash sidewalks, driveways, concrete slabs, any structure or any part of a
structure during Stage 4 restrictions.
(4) During a Stage 4 Drought Disaster the following surcharges will be applied to all applicable accounts:
a. For Residential Water Meters;
$3.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$6.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$12.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
b. For Irrigation Water Meters;
$3.00 per CCF between 0 CCF and 10 CCF,
$6.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$12.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$24.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
(g) Stage 5: Drought Catastrophe
(1) The Director of Public Works shall declare a Stage 5 Drought Catastrophe when the levels of Lakes Arrowhead
and Kickapoo reach a combined capacity of 25 percent.
(2) The following actions shall occur under the direction of the Director of Public Works, with the goal of
reducing the amount of potable water being provided by the City to less than 14 MGD:
c. Impose further mandatory restrictions on non-essential uses of water and essential uses of water.
d. Continue the aggressive public relations and education program.
(3) In Stage 5 drought, the following restrictions shall apply:
a. Irrigation:
i. Irrigation Prohibited. It shall be unlawful to utilize any type of irrigation using potable water produced
by the City of Wichita Falls that is distributed through the City’s distribution system on any day at any
time. This restriction includes all forms of irrigation, including, spray, bubbler, drip, hand-watering, etc.
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ii. Public and Private Golf Courses. It shall be unlawful to irrigate any and all vegetated landscape areas
on the golf course including greens, tee boxes, fairways, roughs, trees, shrubs, etc. The Golf Courses will
be allowed to utilize the remaining water within their pond system, as they see fit; but, will not be
allowed to refill the ponds from the City system, while in a Stage 5 Drought Disaster.
iii. Nursery Plant Stock. Nursery Plant Stock is exempt from the irrigation and landscape watering
restrictions of this subsection.
b. Washing Cars when Lakes Arrowhead & Kickapoo are between 20% and 25%:
i. Location of Washing Cars Limited to Reduce Runoff. It shall be unlawful for any person to wash a
vehicle at any location other than a commercial car wash, car dealership, detail shop, automotive shop,
or commercial property that is owned by the owner of a Fleet of vehicles.
a. It shall be an affirmative defense to prosecution pursuant to this subsection i. that a
person was washing a vehicle for health and safety reasons, only to an extent sufficient to
remove the hazard, is permitted any time.
b. It shall be an affirmative defense to prosecution pursuant to this subsection i. that a car dealer
or car rental company was preparing a vehicle for pickup and washed that vehicle on the day of
pick up by the customer.
ii. Allowable Times for Washing Vehicles Limited to Reduce Evaporation. It shall be unlawful for any
person to use potable water to wash a vehicle at any time on Sunday or Monday.
iii. Nozzles. It shall be unlawful for any car wash or detail shop to use a nozzle that discharges more than
3.0 gallons per minute.
iv. Bays. It shall be unlawful for a car wash to wash any of its bays with water, except on Fridays.
c. Washing vehicles when Lakes Arrowhead and Kickapoo are below 20%: It shall be unlawful for any person
to use potable water to wash a vehicle at any time when the levels of Lakes Arrowhead and Kickapoo are at a
combined capacity of less than 20%.
d. Restaurants / Bars / Clubs / School Cafeterias:
iii. It shall be unlawful to provide drinking water to customers of restaurants, bars, or clubs unless the
customer requests such water.
iv. It shall be unlawful for a food establishment to thaw food with water. Food must be thawed by
another legal method, such as Refrigeration or Cooking Process.
iii. It shall be unlawful for a food establishment to clean kitchen or food handling areas with spray
hoses.
e. Pools:
i. It shall be unlawful to operate a water feature on any pool, including, but not limited to, fountains,
water falls, descents, arcs, and slides.
ii. It shall be unlawful to fill, refill or add potable water to a private or public swimming or wading pool
that is not located entirely within a fully-enclosed, climate-controlled structure.
iii. Indoor pools are exempt from the restrictions of (g)(3)e.
f. Watering Structures:
i. The watering of Home Foundations is restricted to once a week, on the day the property was
authorized to irrigate in accordance with the Water Rationing Zone Map.
132
c. Foundations may only be watered between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 12:00 a.m.
(midnight).
d. Foundations may only be watered with Soaker Hoses.
ii. It shall be unlawful to wash sidewalks, driveways, concrete slabs, any structure or any part of a
structure.
(2) During a Stage 5 Drought Catastrophe the following surcharges will be applied to all applicable accounts:
a. For Residential Water Meters;
$6.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$12.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$24.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
b. For Irrigation Water Meters;
$6.00 per CCF between 0 CCF and 10 CCF,
$12.00 per CCF between 10 CCF and 20 CCF,
$24.00 per CCF between 20 CCF and 40 CCF, and
$48.00 per CCF over 40 CCF.
(h) Surcharges will remain in effect until the City Council announces the end to the restrictions. Water utilized by commercial
nurseries for plant stock production shall not be subject to the surcharges specified herein.
(i) Triggering & Terminating Drought Stages.
(1) The Director of Public Works shall declare that each "trigger level" has been reached and that the water use
restrictions for each respective stage are in effect. The water restrictions will remain in effect until the lakes rise to a
level that, when combined with the long-term forecast, assures the city an adequate supply of water.
(2) When an adequate supply of water is available, the City Council, by majority vote, and after consultation with the
Director of Public Works, shall announce the termination of each respective stage of the restrictions that are triggered
by lake levels.
(j) Drought Restrictions only apply to City-supplied Water. Water supplied from sources other than the City’s potable water
delivery system, including private water wells, aerobic septic systems, wastewater effluent, and potable water imported from
other areas, is intended to be exempt from the restrictions of this section. Accordingly, it shall be an affirmative defense to
prosecution for violation of any provision of this section that the water used in the alleged violation was not from the City’s
potable water delivery system.
(k) Violation; penalty. Any person, firm, corporation or other entity found in violation of any provision of this section shall
be punished by a fine of $25.00 for the first offense; not more than $500.00 for the second offense; and not more than
$2,000.00 for each offense thereafter. Each day of violation of this section shall constitute a separate offense. Proof of a
culpable mental state shall not be required for the first or second offense. In the event that this section is violated by repeated
offenses, the Director of Public Works is authorized to order the locking or removal of the customer's meter until all fees and
fines are paid.
133
134
APPENDIX 12
CITY OF WICHITA FALLS
WATER RATIONING
ZONE MAP
135
136
APPENDIX 13
A HUNDRED WAYS TO SAVE WATER
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
APPENDIX 14
CITY OF WICHITA FALLS
LANDSCAPING WAIVER APPLICATION & PERMIT
145
146
APPENDIX 15
CITY OF WICHITA FALLS
RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE PLAN
147
APPENDIX 16
TEXAS COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
210 REAUTHORIZATIONS TO USE DOMESTIC RECLAIMED WATER
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
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APPENDIX 17
TCEQ Five Year Implementation Plan
172
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
Water Conservation Implementation Report
Public Water Supplier
This five year report must be completed by entities that are required to submit a water conservation plan to the TCEQ in
accordance with Title 30 Texas Administrative Code, Chapter 288. Please complete this report and submit it to the TCEQ. If
you need assistance in completing this form, please contact the Resource Protection Team in the Water Availability Division
at (512) 239-4691.
CONTACT INFORMATION
Name of Entity: City of Wichita Falls
Public Water Supply Identification Number (PWS ID):2430001
CCN numbers: Click here to enter text.
Water Right Permit numbers: 5122,5144,5150,
Wastewater ID numbers: 0010509001, 0010509005
Check all that apply:
☒ Retail Public Water Supplier
☒ Wholesale Public Water Supplier
Address: P.O. Box 1431 City: Wichita Falls Zip Code: 76307
Email: Daniel.Nix@wichitafallstx.gov Telephone Number: 940-691-1153
Regional Water Planning Group: BMap
Groundwater Conservation District: N/AMap
Form Completed By: Daniel K. Nix Title: Utilities Operations Manager
Signature: Date: 5/1/2014
Contact information for the person or department responsible for implementing the water conservation plan:
Name: Daniel K. Nix Phone: 940-691-1153 Email: Daniel.Nix@wichitafallstx.gov
Report Completed on Date: 5/1/2014
Reporting Period (check only one):
☒ Fiscal Period Begin: October 2012 Period End: September 13
☐ Calendar Period Begin:Click here to enter a date. Period End: Click here to enter a date.
Please check all of the following that apply to your entity:
☒ A surface water right holder of 1,000 acre-feet/year or more for non-irrigation uses
☐ A surface water right holder of 10,000 acre-feet/year or more for irrigation uses
173
*Important*
If your entity meets the following description, please skip page 3 and go
directly to page 4.
Your entity is a Wholesale Public Water Supplier that ONLY provides wholesale water
services for public consumption. For example, you only provide wholesale water to other
municipalities or water districts.
174
Fields that are gray are entered by the user.
Select fields that are white and press F9 to
updated fields.
Water Use Accounting
Retail Water Sold: All retail water sold for public use and human consumption.
Helpful Hints: There are two options available for you to provide the
requested information. Both options ask the same information; however,
the level of detail and break down of information differs between the
two options. Please select just one option that works best for your entity
and fill in the fields as completely as possible.
For the five-year reporting period, enter the gallons of RETAIL water sold in each major water use category.
Use only one of the following options.
Option 1
Water Use Category* Gallons Sold
Single Family Residential
Multi-Family Residential
TOTAL Residential Use1 0
Industrial
Commercial
Institutional
TOTAL Retail Water Sold2 0
1. [SF Res +MF Res = Residential Use]
2. [Res +Ind +Com +Ins = Retail Water Sold]
Option 2
Water Use Category * Gallons Sold
Residential
Select all of the sectors that your account for as “Residential”.
☒Single Family ☒ Multi-Family
1,981,400,000
Commercial
Please select all of the sectors that your account for as
“Commercial”.
☒ Commercial ☐ Multi-Family ☒ Industrial ☒ Institutional
2,287,900,000
Industrial
Please select all of the sectors that your account for as
“Industrial”.
☐Industrial ☐ Commercial ☐ Institutional
Other
Please select all of the sectors that your account for as “Other”.
☐Commercial ☐Multi-Family ☐ Industrial ☐ Institutional
TOTAL Retail Water Sold1 4,269,300,000.00
1. [Res +Com +Ind + Other = Retail Water Sold]
175
Wholesale Water Exported: Wholesale water sold or transferred out of the distribution system.
For the five-year reporting period, enter the gallons of WHOLESALE water exported to each major water use
category.
1. [Mun +Agr +Ind +Com +Ins = Wholesale Water Exported]
Water Use Category* Gallons of Exported Wholesale
Water
Municipal Customers 1,344,900,000
Agricultural Customers 0
Industrial Customers 0
Commercial Customers 0
Institutional Customers 0
TOTAL Wholesale Water Exported 1 1,344,900,000.00
176
System Data
Total Gallons During the Five-Year Reporting
Period
Water Produced: Volume produced from own sources 5,841,279,000
Wholesale Water Imported : Purchased wholesale
water imported from other sources into the distribution
system
0
Wholesale Water Exported: Wholesale water sold or
transferred out of the distribution system (Insert Total
Volume calculated on Page 4)
1,344,900,000
TOTAL System Input : Total water supplied to the
infrastructure
4,496,379,000.00
[Produced + Imported – Exported = System Input]
Retail Water Sold : All retail water sold for public use
and human consumption (Insert Total Residential Use
from Option 1 or Option 2 calculated on Page 3)
4,269,300,000
Other Consumption Authorized for Use but not Sold:
‐ back flushing water - line flushing
‐ storage tank cleaning - golf courses
‐ fire department use - parks
‐ municipal government offices
0
TOTAL Authorized Water Use: All water that has
been authorized for use or consumption.
4,269,300,000.00
[Retail Water Sold + Other Consumption = Total Authorized]
Apparent Losses – Water that has been consumed but
not properly measured
(Includes customer meter accuracy, systematic data
discrepancy, un- authorized consumption such as theft)
0
Real Losses – Physical losses from the distribution
system prior to reaching the customer destination
(Includes physical losses from system or mains, reported
breaks and leaks, storage overflow)
187,674,000
Unidentified Water Losses 39,405,000.00
[System Input- Total Authorized - Apparent Losses - Real Losses
= Unidentified Water Losses]
TOTAL Water Loss
227,079,000.00
[Apparent + Real + Unidentified = Total Water Loss]
Fields that are gray are entered by the user.
Select fields that are white and hit F9 to updated
fields.
TCEQ-20646 rev. (09-18-2013) Page 177
Targets and Goals
In the table below, please provide the specific and quantified five and ten-year targets for water savings listed in
your water conservation plan.
Date Target for:
Total GPCD
Target for:
Water Loss
(expressed in GPCD)
Target for:
Water Loss Percentage
(expressed in Percentage)
Five-year
target date:
12/31/2015
165 15.0%
Ten-year
target date:
12/31/2020
160 15.0%
Are targets in the water conservation plan being met? Yes ☒ No ☐
If these targets are not being met, provide an explanation as to why, including any progress on these targets:
Click here to enter text.
Gallons per Capita per Day (GPCD) and Water Loss
Compare your current gpcd and water loss to the above targets and goals set in your previous water conservation
plan.
Total System Input in Gallons
Permanent
Population Current GPCD
4,020,913,000
[Produced + Imported – Exported = System Input]
103,931
21.20
[ (System Input ÷ Permanent Population) /5/
365 ]
Permanent Population is the total permanent population of the service area. This includes single family, multi-family, and
group quarter populations.
Total Residential Use
Permanent
Population
Residential GPCD
1,981,400,000 103,931
10.45
[ (Residential Use ÷ Residential Population) /
5/ 365 ]
Residential Population is the total residential population of the service area including single & multi-family
population.
Fields that are gray are entered by the user.
Select fields that are white and hit F9 to update
fields.
TCEQ-20646 rev. (09-18-2013) Page 178
Fields that are gray are entered by the user.
Select fields that are white and hit F9 to updated
fields.
Total Water Loss Total System Input in
Gallons
Permanent
Population
Water Loss calculated
in
GPCD 1 Percent 2
227,079,000
[Apparent + Real + Unidentified = Total Water
Loss]
4,496,379,000
[Water Produced + Wholesale
Imported - Wholesale Exported]
103,931
1.2 5
1. [Total Water Loss ÷ Permanent Population] / 5/ 365 = Water Loss GPCD]
2. [Total Water Loss ÷ Total System Input] x 100 = Water Loss Percentage]
Water Conservation Programs and Activities
As you complete this section, please review your water
conservation plan to see if you are making progress towards
meeting your stated goals.
1. Water Conservation Plan
What year did your entity adopt, or revise, their most recent water
conservation plan: May 2014
Does the plan incorporate Best Management Practices? Yes ☒ No ☐
2. Water Conservation Programs
For the reporting period, please select the types of activities and programs that have been actively administered, and estimate
the expense and savings that incurred in implementing the conservation activities and programs for the past five
years. Leave the field blank if unknown:
Program or Activity Estimated Expenses Estimated Gallons Saved
Conservation Analysis & Planning
☒ Conservation Coordinator
☐ Water Survey for Single-Family and Multi-
Family Customers
Financial
☐ Wholesale Agency Assistance Programs
☒ Water Conservation Pricing/ Rate Structures
System Operations
☒ Water Loss Audits
☒ Leak Detection
☒ Universal Metering and Metering Repair
Landscaping
☐ Landscape Irrigation Conservation and
Incentives
☐ Athletic Fields Conservation
☐ Golf Course Conservation
☒ Park Conservation
Education & Public Awareness
TCEQ-20646 rev. (09-18-2013) Page 179
☐ School Education
☒ Public Information
Rebate, Retrofit, and Incentive Programs
☐ Conservation Programs for ICI Accounts
☐ Residential Clothes Washer Incentive
Program
☐ Water Wise Landscape Design and
Conversion Programs
☐ Showerhead, Aerator, and Toilet Flapper
Retrofit
☐ Residential Toilet Replacement Programs
☐ Rainwater Harvesting Incentive Program
☐ ICI Incentive Programs
Conservation Technology
☒ Recycling and Reuse Programs (Water or
Wastewater Effluent)
☐ Rainwater Harvesting and Condensate Reuse
Programs
Regulatory and Enforcement
☒ Prohibition on Wasting Water
TOTAL $ 0.00 0
3. Reuse (Water or Wastewater Effluent)
For the reporting period, please provide the following data regarding the types of direct and indirect reuse activities
that were administered for the past five years:
Reuse Activity Estimated Volume (in gallons)
On-site irrigation 7,320,751
Plant wash down
Chlorination/de-chlorination
Industrial
Landscape irrigation (parks, golf courses)
Agricultural
Other, please describe: Various uses during drought 4,933,285
Estimated Volume of Recycled or Reuse 12,254,036
4. Water Savings
For the five-year reporting period, estimate the total savings that resulted from your overall water conservation
activities and programs?
Estimated
Gallons Saved
(Total from
Conservation Programs
Table)
Estimated Gallons
Recycled or Reused
(Total from Reuse Table)
Total Volume of
Water Saved 1
Dollar Value
of Water Saved 2
0 12,254,036 12,254,036 40,928.48
TCEQ-20646 rev. (09-18-2013) Page 180
1. [Estimated Gallons Saved + Estimated Gallons Recycled or Reused = Total Volume Saved]
2. Estimate this value by taking into account water savings, the cost of treatment or purchase of your water,
and any deferred capital costs due to conservation.
5. Conservation Pricing / Conservation Rate Structures
During the five-year reporting period, have your rates or rate structure changed? Yes ☐ No ☐
Please indicate the type of rate pricing structures that you use:
☐ Uniform rates ☐ Water Budget Based rates ☐ Surcharge - seasonal
☒ Flat rates ☐ Excess Use Rates ☐ Surcharge - drought
☒ Inclining/ Inverted Block rates ☐ Drought Demand rates ☒ Surcharge - usage demand
☐ Declining Block rates ☐ Tailored rates
☐ Seasonal rates
6. Public Awareness and Education Program
For the five-year reporting period, please check the appropriate boxes regarding any public awareness and
educational activities that your entity has provided:
Implemented Number/Unit
Example: Brochures Distributed ☐10,000/year
Example: Educational School Programs ☐50 students/month
Brochures Distributed ☒Tours
Messages Provided on Utility Bills ☒33,300/month
Press Releases ☒As Needed
TV Public Service Announcements ☒As Needed
Radio Public Service Announcements ☒ As Needed
Educational School Programs ☒ As Requested
Displays, Exhibits, and Presentations ☒ As Needed
Community Events ☒ As Requested
Social Media campaigns ☒ As Needed
Facility Tours ☒ As Requested
Other : CCR ☒ 35,000/ year
7. Leak Detection
During the five-year reporting period, how many leaks were repaired in the system or at service connections: 837
Please check the appropriate boxes regarding the main cause of water loss in your system during the reporting
period:
TCEQ-20646 rev. (09-18-2013) Page 181
☒ Leaks and breaks
☐ Un-metered utility or city uses
☐ Master meter problems
☐ Customer meter problems
☐ Record and data problems
☐ Other: Click here to enter text.
☐ Other: Click here to enter text.
8. Universal Metering and Meter Repair
For the five-year reporting period, please provide the following information regarding meter repair:
Total Number Total Tested Total Repaired
Production
Meters
33393 206
Meters larger
than 1 ½”
837 62
Meters 1 ½ or
smaller
32556 144
Does your system have automated meter reading? Yes ☐ No ☒
9. Conservation Communication Effectiveness
In your opinion, how would you rank the effectiveness of your conservation activities in reaching the following
types of customers for the past five years?
TCEQ-20646 rev. (09-18-2013) Page 182
10. Drought Contingency and Emergency Water Demand Management
During the five-year reporting period, did you implement your Drought Contingency Plan?
Yes ☒ No ☐
If yes, indicate the number of days that your water use restrictions were in effect: 998 Days
If yes, please check all the appropriate reasons for your drought contingency efforts going into effect.
☒ Water Supply Shortage ☐ Equipment Failure
☐ High Seasonal Demand ☐ Impaired Infrastructure
☐ Capacity Issues ☐ Other:
Do not have activities or
programs that target this
type customer.
Less Than
Effective
Somewhat
Effective
Highly
Effective
Residential Customers ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
Industrial Customers ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
Institutional Customers ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
Commercial Customers ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
Agricultural Customers ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐
TCEQ-20646 rev. (09-18-2013) Page 183
If you have any questions on how to fill out this form or about the Water Conservation program, please contact us at
512/239-4691.
Individuals are entitled to request and review their personal information that the agency gathers on its forms. They may also
have any errors in their information corrected. To review such information, contact us at 512-239-3282.
TCEQ-20646 rev. (09-18-2013) Page 184