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Ord 07-2014 2/18/2014 ORDINANCE NO. 07-2014 Ordinance authorizing the City Manager to execute (1) an Interlocal Agreement with the Sandy Land Underground Water Conservation District d/b/a Seeding Operations and Atmospheric Research (SOAR) for a Program of Applied Cloud Modification in an amount not to exceed $300,000 per year, and (2) Agreements with Third Parties to Pay for Part of the City's Expenses of Cloud Seeding and providing for appropriation of General Fund reserves for the costs of said Interlocal Agreement with SOAR that are not paid by third parties WHEREAS, the Sandy Land Underground Water Conservation District, d/b/a Seeding Operations and Atmospheric Research (SOAR), which holds Weather Modification License No. 14-4, issued by the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation (TDLR), has proposed a Program of Applied Cloud Modification for the City to provide for enhanced rainfall in the area from which the City obtains its water; WHEREAS, the City of Wichita Falls has applied for a weather modification license and weather modification permits from the TDLR, pursuant to 16 TAC §79.1, et. seq., and SOAR will provide the equipment, supplies, and personnel necessary to conduct and monitor weather modification activities; WHEREAS, City staff has been negotiating with third parties to pay for part of the City's expenses of cloud seeding, and some of the third parties are expected to be government entities, in which case the aforementioned agreements will be interlocal agreements, and, with respect to those interlocal agreements, the City finds that the services performed by each of them are necessary and authorized for activities that are purposely within their statutory functions and programs, and they have the authority to contract for the services. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF WICHITA FALLS, TEXAS, THAT: 1. The City Manager is authorized to execute (1) the attached Interlocal Agreement with the Sandy Land Underground Water Conservation District, d/b/a Seeding Operations and Atmospheric Research (SOAR), for a Program of Applied Cloud Modification in an amount not to exceed $300,000 per year, and (2) the attached Agreements with Third Parties to Pay for Part of the City's Expenses of Cloud Seeding, with such changes to said agreements as are approved by the City Attorney. 2. An appropriation of $300,000 of General Fund Reserves is hereby approved to provide for the costs of the aforementioned interlocal agreement with SOAR that are not paid by third parties. PASSED AND APPROVED this the 18t" day of February, 2014. MAYOR ATTEST: City Clerk Interlocal Agreement Contract Number 2014-WF-4-2 between the City of Wichita Falls and Sandy Land UWCD dlbla Seeding Operations and Atmospheric Research (SOAR) for a Program of Applied Cloud Modification The City of Wichita Falls,a Texas municipal corporation, hereinafter referred to as"WF", 1300 70 Street, Wichita Falls, Texas 76307, and Sandy land Underground Water Conservation District d1bla Seeding Operations and Atmospheric Research„ a Texas conservation district created pursuant to Section 59 of Article XVl of the Texas Const€tutlon, 1012 Avenue F, Plains, Texas 79355, hereinafter referred to as "SOAR", hereby contract to extend cloud modification operations to the Wichita Falls`watershed area in Texas,and agree as follows: WHEREAS, SOAR holds Weather Modification License No. 14-4, issued by the Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation (TDLR), and SOAR has recognized expertise in the field of weather modification: WHEREAS,WF has applied for a weather modification license and weather modification permits from the State of Texas department of Licensing and Regulation, hereinafter referred to as "TOLR", pursuant to TAC, Chapter 79, the Administrative Rules of the TDLR,hereinafter referred to as the"Program";and WHEREAS, SOAR will provide all equipment, supplies, and personnel necessary to conduct and monitor weather modification activities, including a 10-centimeter radar feed from the National Weather Service ]*text Generation Radar for improved efficiency and assessment. NOW THEREFORE,IT IS AGREED as follows: 1. SOAR shall provide forecasting support and direct seeding activities for the program during the term of this contract, within the operational area and target area identified by the attached Map and consistent with TDLR Weather Modification Permits. The purpose of this weather modification operation is to increase runoff from rainfall within the target area of the WF program. 2. The terms of this contract shall cover two seasonal operational periods beginning at 12:01 a.m. CST on March 1, 2014 and ending at 11:59 p.m. DST on June 30, 2014 and beginning at 12:01 a.m, DST on September 1, 2014 and ending at 11:59 p.m. DST on October 31, 2014. 3. SOAR will maintain real time 24 hour-per-day, 7-day-per-week access to NWS NEXRAD Level II "super resolution" radar data and provide the latest software designed to track and analyze precipitation areas located in clouds upwind and over the target area. The Dyess Air Force Base at Abilene, Texas and Frederick, Oklahoma NEXRAD radars will be the primary radars used for weather surveillance and directing aircraft seeding operations for the project. 4. All basic weather data will be processed and archived by SOAR. This information will be used by SOAR to coordinate various phases of the field program. 5. SOAR shall perform its activities with the following materials and methods, and in accordance with the attached Supporting Data: (A) a plan of operation that details the type of weather modification activity proposed, (S)equipment and personnel involved in the operation, (C) a description of climate and hazardous weather in the operational area, including explicit statements,where applicable,that the permittee will,or will not, and under what conditions, conduct operations in areas for which the National Weather Service has issued hazardous-weather watches and warnings, (D) a description of the weather modification methodology that will be used, accompanied by documentation (including citations in referenced meteorological journals) which attests to the technology's scientific credibility, and (E) a description of the technique that will be used to evaluate the overall effect of the proposed operation. 6. SOAR shall release WF from all claims relating to operations performed pursuant to this contract other than claims for payment for the services described herein.To the extent coverage is provided by insurance, SOAR shall indemnify and hold WF harmless and free from all claims of damage to persons or property of any kind or character whatsoever that may develop as a result of SOAR's activities. During the entirety of SOAR's activities pursuant to this contract, SOAR shall maintain its ability to pay damages for liability that might reasonably arise as a result of SOAR's proposed operation and SOAR shall maintain the comprehensive liability insurance policy described by the attached Certificate of Insurance that provides insurance for the proposed period of operation. During the term of operation, WF shall be named as an additional insured on said insurance policy. SOAR shall be the sole party liable for the proposed weather modification operation. 7. SOAR agrees to be bound by all laws of the State of Texas and the Federal Government, and that prior to commencing the direction of seeding operations under this contract for WF, SOAR agrees to have in force all necessary licenses and permits and permits from the State of Texas to so operate. 8. WF may terminate this contract, with or without cause, on at least 5 days'written notice,sent by mail to the SOAR office PO Box 130, plains,Texas 79355, 9. In the event of cancellation by WF all monies already paid to SOAR by the WF shall be retained by SOAR. Additionally,WF shall owe SOAR for any and all days of a month SOAR operates, up to the date of cancellation,and the cost of fuel and flares. The amount owed for a partial month is the monthly rate divided by the number of days in the month of cancellation. A final report summarizing cloud seeding operations for that season up to the time of such cancellation will be furnished by SOAR as soon as practical.WF agrees to pay SOAR for the services rendered as outlined in this contract, the total sum of not more than $50,0001month. This sum includes the total fee of$39,800imonth for the aircraft, personnel and meteorological support and reports for the program. Fuel and flares will be billed at cost by SOAR and will be included in the monthly invoices. 10. SOAR agrees to submit monthly invoices to WF by the 51h of the month. Terms shall be NET 10 days from the date of invoice. Any payment due but not received by the 18'h day of the month due will cause a temporary suspension of services provided for in this contract until the full payment due is received by SOAR. Further liability shall NOT accrue during any temporary suspension of services. 11. SCHEDULE OF PAYMENTS: PAYMENT DATE AMOUNT 1 APR]L 2014 $39,800.00+Fuel and Flares 1 MAY 2014 $39,800.00+Fuel and Flares 1 JUNE 2014 $39,800,00+Fuel and Flares 1 JULY 2014 $39,800.00+Fuel and Flares 1 OCTOBER 2014 $39,800.00+Fuel and Flares 1 NOVEMBER 2014 $39,800.00+Fuel and Flares 12. The total amount of this contract is not to exceed $50,000Imonth or$300,000 for the six(6)month program. 13. Any notice to be given hereunder may be served personally or by depositing the same in the United States mail, postage prepaid, and addressed to the party being notified at his address as set forth below, or at such other address as may be hereafter designated in writing. If served by mail, service shall be conclusively deemed to have been made upon deposit in the United States Post OfFce_ 14. SOAR and the WF understand that productive seeding can only occur at locations where certain types of cloud systems develop. Therefore, during times when an abundance of seedable opportunities are available, the project meteorologist shall give preference to portions of the target area that are expected to provide additional rainfall to the watershed areas of Lake Arrowhead and Lake Kickapoo. 15. Limitation of Cloud Seeding in Limited Geographic Area: SOAR will temporarily halt cloud seeding activities in areas where WF halts cloud seeding in writing. Termination of cloud seeding in a limited area should contain a map illustrating the area where WF desires to halt cloud seeding activities and a statement of the time period for which cloud seeding should be halted. SOAR will provide a copy of the document and map to the Project Meteorologist with a request to discontinue seeding in the area for the time period specified in the written request. 16. A Daily Program update including a daily forecast and summary of recent seeding activities will be sent via email to designated participants on each workday and on weekends and holidays whenever seedable opportunities are forecast. A monthly operational report will be provided by the 15tn of each month following a month when seeding occurred, and a final operations report covering the entire yearly operations will follow at the conclusion of the seeding season. 17. Unless requested otherwise by WF, SOAR shall file and/or publish all information with state and federal entities that is required to be filed and/or published for the operations under which SOAR is operating pursuant to this contract. SOAR shall provide WF with a copy of all information provided to the TDLR and/or other entities with respect to this operation within 30 days after it is filed with or provided to said entity. SOAR will further provide WF with a copy of all information required by 16 TAC H 79.31, 79.32, and 79.33 within 30 days after the preparation of such information. Said information may be provided electronically to WF. SOAR will provide information to be provided to WF to WF's director of Public Works at russell.schreiber@wichitafallstx.gov. 16, This contract will be governed by Texas law. Sole venue for any legal action related to this contract shall be in Wichita County, Texas, unless SOAR is joined as a defendant in an action filed against WF by a third party. 19. The sole intended beneficiaries of this contract are WF and SOAR. This contract shall create no rights in any party other than WF and SOAR. 20. Copies of any reports or documents generated pursuant to this contract shall be provided to WF. WF shall be considered a co-owner of such documents and intellectual property therein, and both parties shall have the right to copy and disseminate such documents without additional cost or charge to any other entity. 21. This is an interlocal agreement pursuant to Texas Government Code Chapter 791. Both parties warrant that (a) the services performed by each of them are necessary and authorized for activities that are properly within their statutory functions and programs; (b)they have the authority to contract for the services; (c) they have all necessary power and have received all necessary approvals to execute and deliver this agreement; and (d) the representatives signing this agreement on their behalf have authority from their respective governing bodies to sign this agreement. EXECUTED,this the day of ,2014. City of Wichita Falls 'Sandy Land UWCD dlbla Seeding Operations and Atmospheric �ReZsr ch Darron Leiker, City Manager t]' a al Mana er al"'.Pi' A' LANORA GALE MCDONI11L �,'• as {sea[} (seal) _, tJotary PuFlic,state of texas `yt pr i,a My Commission Exi3ires September 24,2016 ATTEST: ATT Tracy Norr,City Clerk Gb cDonnell, Office Admin FORM APPROVED_ Miles Risley, City Attorney Attachments: • Map(depicting Operational Area and Target Area) ■ Project Operations Plan ■ Certificate of Insurance i RMSCOE HALL CHILDRLSS hnl Y3`W°Fetr HAROEMMI FLOYD ` MONTAGUE OSUSSY ill •'� s ...Z aa5r y r h JACK SVL9E OAR2A K[•xr STONEWALL HASKELL r OFtPC 5GURRY FISHER .10RES SHACKELFCRp STEpHE.t75 PALO PINTO PA RV,ER_ Weather Modif inatran Permit and License Application Legend Tavel and Oporatlonaf Area 's Target&Oper mlonai Area d'art-+[lr+a FI'Aufil nm.nre;nn Pal*rdngd J-9,2314 Map (depicting Operational Area and Target Area) PROJECT OPERATIONS PLAN I. Type of Weather Modification Activity City of Wichita Falls (WF) is proposing to conduct weather modification operations in an area of north Texas. This weather modification activity will be a nonrandomized cloud seeding operational program for the primary purpose of increasing rainfall. Hail suppression will not be an objective of the program. All potential cases that satisfy seeding criteria will be seeded within the limitations of personnel and equipment and in accordance with decisions of the project meteorologist and the project managcr. Cloud candidates for seeding may be chosen by a trained field meteorologist and pilots. The meteorologist and pilots will be furnished copies of the Texas license and permit guidelines and will seed in accordance with those guidelines. The project will begin at 12:00 a.m.,CDT,March 1,2014 and will end October 31,2014 11.59 p.m. DST, 2017. Operations may be conducted on a 7-day per week basis, 24-hour per day period. SOAR expects to operate mainly through the months of March through October each year. Depending on the availability of personnel and equipment, seeding operations may be performed during the months of October through April Cloud treatment with aircraft will be at attitudes immediately below cloud base (base seeding) and the altitudes where the ambient temperature is at or below freezing (typically about —5 'Q (top seeding). Cloud penetrations at altitudes up to 25,000 feet may be required, subject to safety considerations. Weather forecasts for the cloud seeding operations will be prepared by the project meteorologist located in the Operations Center. Information from the National Weather Service will be utilized, it. Equipment and Personnel a. The Weather Decision Technologies (WDT) Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD)radar feed ingests radar data from the WSR-98D National Weather Service (NWS)S-band(10 cm)NEXRAD radars sites in Frederick,Oklahoma and at.Dyess Air Force Base in Abilene, Texas. These NWS NEXRAD sites cover the WF target area. NEXRAD 10-centimeter wavelength radars do not attenuate appreciably in heavy rain, and are operated continuously unless they are down for maintenance. In addition, the NEXRAD radars have a clutter-removal algorithm that eliminates most of the ground clutter and false rainfall produced during periods of anomalous propagation.NEXRAD data is run through a software called Thunderstorm Identification Tracking Analysis & Nowcasting (TITAN) as a graphic user interface, enabling the radar meteorologist to identify and track echoes and calculate their properties for real time weather modification operations and post analysis. b. The radar meteorologist will have access to radio communication equipment to direct the seeder and research aircraft in and around clouds. Geostationary Positioning Satellite (GPS)latitude and longitude data from each aircraft are collected and viewed on TITAN. This is accomplished using the Airborne Data Acquisition and Telemetry System(DTS). The basic design of this system consists of a GPS receiver within the aircraft and a radio modem on-board. Aircraft data such as latitude,longitude,altitude,and ground speed are transmitted to the SOAR office and received via a UHF antenna and receiver. Data is then ingested in TITAN and displayed in the active window. The radar meteorologist is then able to vector the aircraft towards the area of interest within an echoing cloud. c. Current meteorological surface conditions can be accessed from the onsite SOAR weather station at the Kickapoo Airport. Data from the West Texas Mesonct is also available. The Mesonet consists of networks of research grade meteorological instrumentation that provides weather data on a finer scale then is currently available in any other portion of the state of Texas,The Mesonet also releases upper air soundings to collect upper air atmospheric data. The West Texas Mesonet employs a Vaisala DigiCORA IIl Sounding System to take upper-air observations during interesting weather events at Reese Center(12 miles west of Lubbock,TX), The Mesonet is maintained by Texas Tech University. d. Meteorological surface data, upper air data, satellite images and radar images can be accessed on a wireless high-speed internet connection. This data will be useful to the Project Meteorologist/Radar Meteorologist in the conduct of weather modification operations. c. An appropriately equipped aircraft will be used in this program.The aircraft is equipped with Geostationaiy Positioning Satellite (GPS) receiver with latitude, longitude, ground speed,altitude and seeding mode logging and tracking capability.This data is transmitted to the radar central operations center in real time using a predetermined frequency and time interval. Aircraft are also equipped with a base seeding and/or on top seeding capability. £ The seeding agents will be either glaciagenic or hygroscopic materials, or both. The glaciogenic materials will be silver iodide (Agl)or a closely related material, dispersed from ejectable flares dropped from a flare rack mounted on the underside of the aircraft fuselage,or from burn-in-place flares mounted in flare racks on the aircraft wings. Burn- in-place flares containing a hygroscopic material (likely chlorides) may be used to seed convective clouds when such application is believed by the project meteorologist to contribute to the coalescence of cloud water droplets, The hygroscopic flares burn over a period of several minutes as the aircraft flies in the proximity of the cloud base. The seeding agents are not known to be environmental hazards, g. The meteorological data and analyses to support the operations are critical to identify correctly the developing clouds and cloud systems with a high potential for producing precipitation. Consequently, a satellite weather data system, a well-organized weather forecast method, a complete weather surveillance radar system, internet access to National Weather Service products(e.g.,soundings, upper air charts,and forecasts)and well-trained, dedicated personnel will ensure adequate surveillance of ongoing weather conditions throughout the project's operational period. h. The project meteorologist will use all available data to develop weather forecasts,analyze clouds for seedability criteria, and launch aircraft on seeding missions, as appropriate. He/she will issue orders to commence seeding, taking into account the pilots observations of cloud conditions and seed/no seed orders from the SOAR meteorologist, i. Representatives of each county may monitor rainfall data, evaluation information, seedability criteria, and overall project operations. He/she may coordinate with the project meteorologist to improve efficiency and efficacy of seeding operations. Representatives may also monitor the status of soil moisture and flood potential in target counties to advise the project meteorologist. j. Said representatives of each county may monitor in the operational area and will issue "no seed" orders where additional rainfall would be harmful in flooding or agricultural operations,such as planting or harvesting. III. Climate and Hazardous Weather a. 'fhe climate of the target and operational areas of the proposed weather modification prograrn is semi-arid,with annual rainfall in the range of 15 to 20 inches. b. The target and operational areas are subject to occasional tornadoes, high winds, flood- producing heavy rainfall, and Iarge hail from severe thunderstorms. The meteorologists and pilots will be familiar with indicators of potentiallimminentloccurring severe weather, to include interpretation of radar echo patterns(e.g.,hook echoes, hail shafts,overshooting tops, and line-echo-wave patterns), and interpretation of visual information of thunderstorms (e.g., shelf and wall clouds,mammatus clouds,overshooting tops,and rotation of cloud elements). c. Pilots will not approach or operate in any thunderstorm cell that poses a threat to aircraft. No seeding operations will be conducted in or near any severe thunderstorm cell or developing cell with a reasonable potential to become a severe thunderstorm. Severe thunderstorm cells may be 'identified by the project meteorologist, the pilots, or by National Weather Service in the Corm of a Severe Thunderstorm or Tornado Warning for a specific storm. Cloud seeding operations will also be suspended in any county with a Flash Flood Warning issued by the National Weather Service. d. Seeding operations are permitted within a county for which the National Weather Service has issued a severe weather warning,only if and as long as the cloud or clouds to be treated are not associated with the cloud system whose severe intensity has prompted the National Weather Service to issue a warning for that county. Pilots will be instructed not to approach any cloud or cloud system in which any dangerous conditions are known or are believed to exist. IV. Methodology a. Pilots will conduct seeding operations only in the operational area. They will be provided with aerial maps with operational and target areas clearly marked. The meteorologist will advise the pilots, based on the aircraft indicator (from GPS) on TITAN, of their proximity to the project boundaries. Clouds moving into the operational area will be evaluated for seedability potential with the TITAN radar system and for severe potential with sources noted previously. The pilots will be informed of these potentials. In some cases,clouds moving into the operational area will have been in the target area of an adjacent cloud seeding project. Eventually,the project meteorologists in each project will be in communication about the seeding history of these thunderstorms,either to continue or to suspend seeding operations. b. Cold frontal thunderstorm lines, pre-frontal squall lines, and dry line squall lines are the mesoscale and synoptic scale weather patterns that produce the optimal conditions for cloud seeding. These normally approach from the west to northwest, although individual cells form and move from southwest to northeast on the steering winds aloft. These optimal weather patterns are most numerous from late spring to early summer(April to mid June),then again from late summer to mid-fall (late August to early October). Summer-time convergence zones associated with low surface pressure or cold air aloft will produce seedable thunderstorms. 'These thunderstorm cells typically are not organized into lines and could move from any direction, although much slower than the spring or fall thunderstorms. Tropical air masses moving from the southeast (e.g., decaying tropical storms) will produce rainfall, sometimes very heavy localized rainfall. "these are not high priority seeding opportunities;experience indicates that there is a Iimited response to seeding. Additionally, flash flood watches and warnings associated with these systems would limit or preclude seeding activity. Overrunning situations, primarily in the colder months of the year, will produce rainfall from thunderstorms overriding a cold air dome. These thunderstorms are usually embedded in layer clouds,and are not candidates for seeding. Aircraft safety, accurate placement of seeding agents,and relative non-responsiveness are determining factors. Isolated to scattered summertime air mass thunderstorms will be seeded as appropriate. c. The project meteorologist will continually advise pilots of severe thunderstorm activity within or moving into the operational area. Both the meteorologist and the pilot are responsible to ensure that seeding operations are not conducted in or near severe thunderstorms,as defined by the National Weather Service. d. The seeding material application rates will be determined by the latest information available from the weather modification community. e. Clouds selected for seeding should have updrafts that would carry substantial quantities of water vapor and cloud droplets to an altitude where glaciogenic seeding agents will be effective as nuclei for ice crystal formation and growth. The formation and growth of ice crystals sets in motion a chain of events that produces rainfall when the ice crystals grow at the expense of supercooled water droplets, coalesce with other ice crystals (snow),and fall through the freezing level to produce large water droplets, which become rainfall. In clouds with a continental character, the total cloud water is of the order of 1 gm m 3 or greater. The portion of clouds above the freezing level will freeze rather slowly(glaciate) in the absence of abundant natural ice crystal nuclei,which gives a large time window of opportunity for seeding. Seeding may be conducted in either cloud tops or in cloud bases. Cloud top seeding is conducted within the cloud when the cloud tower(towering cumulus) first reaches an altitude where the ambient temperature is about -•5 °C. Cloud top seeding is not conducted in mature thunderstorms due to flight safety reasons. Cloud base seeding is conducted at or below the cloud base in the updraft areas of towering cumulus or cumulonimbus clouds. Cloud base seeding may be conducted in the updraft area of thunderstorms that are currently producing rainfall(in the downdra#t area). ti f. The application rate of seeding material,the timing of the rcicasc of the materials,and the concomitant concentration of the material within the cloud volume, are critical to the success of the program. The initial cloud seeding tactics for this Project will be based on the operational experience of other weather modification projects. V. Evaluation a. Evaluation of the cloud seeding efforts is crucial to achieving and increasing the effectiveness of the rainfall. Effectiveness is important to the project sponsors for continued program support and to the contractors for continued improvement of operations. A thorough statistical and scientific evaluation will not be possible,due to the lack or resources that would be required. The archived data such as that generated from the TITIAN software program will be evaluated. The SOAR program will provide an evaluation of the effectiveness of the seeding. The information obtained from evaluations will be compared to baseline evaluation information. The seeding criteria and the delivery of the seeding materials will be refined. Rainfall data will be collected from any available source. Agreements with Third Parties to Pay for Part of the City's Expenses of Cloud Seeding Agreement between City of Wichita Falls and to Pay for Part of the City's Expenses of Cloud Seeding The City of Wichita Falls, a Texas municipal corporation ("City") and , a Texas , ("Participant") of County(ies) hereby contract regarding weather modification operations, and agree as follows: WHEREAS, City has applied for a weather modification license and weather modification permit from the State of Texas' Department of Licensing and Regulation, hereinafter referred to as "TDLR," pursuant to 16 TAC § 79.1, et. seq., for cloud seeding activities within the operational area and target area identified in the attached Map depicting Operational Area and Target Area; WHEREAS, the City intends to contract for the performance of cloud seeding activities over two seasonal operational periods (the "Operational Periods") from March 1st to June 30th and from September 1st to October 31st; WHEREAS, the City's contract for the performance of cloud seeding activities is expected to be with the Sandy Land Underground Water Conservation District d/b/a Seeding Operations and Atmospheric Research (SOAR); and WHEREAS, Participant has an interest in inducing the City to enter and maintain its cloud seeding operations and provide an opportunity for increased rainfall in Participant's county(ies) that are within the Operational Area and Target Area. NOW, THEREFORE, the parties agree as follows: 1. Participant agrees to pay to City $ per month for each of the six months of the year that the City performs weather modification operations through a third party during the Operational Periods. If the City (1) terminates its underlying contract for cloud seeding operations for any part of the Operational Periods or (2) removes the Participant's county(ies) from the City's Operational and Target Area, then the City will not demand payment for the part of said Operational Periods for which the City did not have an active contract to perform cloud seeding operations, including the Participant's county(ies) as part of the target area. 2. The initial term of this agreement will be for a period of one year from , 2014, and it shall automatically renew for subsequent annual terms unless earlier terminated. Notwithstanding, either party may terminate this agreement at any time, with or without cause, on 30 days written notice to the other party. 3. City and Participant understand that productive cloud seeding can only occur at locations where certain types of cloud systems develop. The City's inclusion of Participant's county(ies) in the City's contractually established Operational and Target Area is Participant's sole consideration, and Participant agrees that such inclusion is beneficial and constitutes valid consideration. 4. Participant shall provide monthly payments in full at least 10 days prior to the first day of each month during the Operational Period. Any payment due but not received by said date will cause a temporary suspension of services provided for in this contract for the following month. 5. Participant and City have reviewed the terms of this agreement. Neither party has superior bargaining power, and Participant enters this agreement of its own free will. 6. Parties acknowledge that there are no guarantees that the proper climatic condition will produce the types of cloud systems necessary for City's cloud seeding program. Further, the Parties acknowledge that even should the necessary cloud systems develop, there are no guarantees that such systems will develop at locations which would likely provide additional rainfall to Participant's county(ies) or that the City will be in a position to recognize,prioritize or seed any cloud systems in Participant's county(ies). As such, City is not representing to Participant that Participant's county(ies) will receive rainfall or that Participant's county(ies) will receive additional amounts of rainfall. 7. This contract will be governed by Texas law. Sole venue for any legal action related to this contract shall be in Wichita County, Texas. 8. Cloud seeding carries the potential for contributing to heavy precipitation. Participant agrees to release the City and the City's officers, agents, and employees from all claims for damage to Participant's property resulting from the cloud seeding activities performed by the City and/or the City's contractors. Participant shall release the City from claims by Participant pursuant to this clause regardless of the negligence of the City or the City's officers, agents, employees or cloud seeding contractors in the planning or performance of cloud seeding operations. This release is not an indemnity for third party claims. Neither party waives any immunity or defense from suit by third parties pursuant to this contract. Participant is not a partner or joint venturer in any cloud seeding operation performed by the City. This contract has no intended third party beneficiaries. This contract does not authorize or consent to any suit by any third party against Participant or City. 9. If Participant is a government entity, then this is a valid interlocal agreement pursuant to Texas Government Code Chapter 791. Both parties warrant that (a) the services performed by each of them are necessary and authorized for activities that are purposely within their statutory functions and programs; (b) they have the authority to contract for the services; (c) they have all necessary power and have received all necessary approval to execute and deliver this agreement; and (d) the representatives signing this agreement on their behalf have authority from their respective governing bodies to sign this agreement. Executed this the day of , 2014. City of Wichita Falls Participant By: By: Darron Leiker, City Manager Name & Title Attest: Attest: City Clerk Name & Title Approved as to Form: City Attorney BRISCOE "ALL CHILdR � Acl b bra a HARUEMM w .IG T�+L4fVL CFOSCsY k14l ` ` Spa' k., .. .. < `.. .... ` ...' JACK '.-:ARIA (CENT STOHEWYALL HASKELL ^x f+[OVNG WISE OR DE SCURRY FISHED JOKES SHACKE'}LFOBI] STEPHENS PALO PINTO PARKER W4'eaiher Modification Permit and License,Application Lesjend y } Targat and Qpemtional Ar+a t 0 Target a.Operaliona l Area dam` r�F�a o .� Jr TLn f}awPfi'.W[1.La^p.V"114 Map depicting Operational Area and Target Area